Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Wiley  

ABSTRACT

Recessive resistance, achieved through mutations in host susceptibility genes, offers an effective way for controlling plant viruses. One well‐studied gene family involved in such resistance is the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E ( eIF4E ) gene family, which includes eIF4E , eIFiso4E and the atypical novel cap‐binding protein ( nCBP ). Although gene pyramiding of the eIF4E family may provide a promising strategy for broadening virus resistance, it has so far been applied only to a limited set of gene combinations and target viruses. To deepen our understanding of the practicality of eIF4E family gene pyramiding, we analysed a comprehensive set of eIF4E family knockout mutants and six phylogenetically diverse viruses. Double‐gene mutant lines ncbp eif4e1 and ncbp eifiso4e exhibited resistance to five and three viruses, respectively, due to both additive resistance pyramiding and the emergence of novel resistance resulting from combined mutations. Notably, the observed resistance spectrum included the Comovirus , Tymovirus , Betacarmovirus and Tobamovirus genera, which were not previously linked to the eIF4E family. These results reveal a broader involvement of the eIF4E family in viral susceptibility, which may have previously been overlooked due to functional redundancy among the family members. On the other hand, plant growth assessment revealed a more severe penalty in the ncbp eif4e1 mutant than in the ncbp eifiso4e mutant, underscoring the need to select compatible gene combinations for resistance pyramiding. Collectively, this study highlights both the advantages and potential drawbacks of eIF4E family gene pyramiding and provides insights for the future development of crop varieties with broad‐spectrum virus resistance.

DOI： 10.1111/mpp.70187

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Many organisms produce secondary small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that are triggered by primary small RNAs to regulate various biological processes. Plants have evolved several types of secondary siRNA biogenesis pathways that play important roles in development, stress responses, and defense against viruses and transposons. The critical step of these pathways is the production of double-stranded RNAs by RNA-dependent RNA polymerases. This step is normally tightly regulated, but when its control is released, secondary siRNA production is initiated. In this article, we will review the recent advances in secondary siRNA production triggered by microRNAs encoded in the genome and siRNAs derived from invasive nucleic acids. In particular, we will focus on the factors, events, and RNA/DNA elements that promote or inhibit the early steps of secondary siRNA biogenesis.

DOI： 10.1093/jb/mvad071

PubMed

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1128/mra.00324-22

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：American Society for Microbiology  

Potexvirus , a group of plant viruses, infect a variety of crops, including cultivated crops. It has been thought that the three transition proteins that are essential for the cell-to-cell transfer of potexviruses are translated from two subgenomic RNAs, sgRNA1 and sgRNA2.

DOI： 10.1128/jvi.02144-21

PubMed

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Since the propagation of plant viruses depends on various host susceptibility factors, deficiency in them can prevent viral infection in cultivated and model plants. Recently, we identified the susceptibility factor Essential for poteXvirus Accumulation 1 (EXA1) in Arabidopsis thaliana, and revealed that EXA1-mediated resistance was effective against three potexviruses. Although EXA1 homolog genes are found in tomato and rice, little is known about which viruses depend on EXA1 for their infection capability and whether the function of EXA1 homologs in viral infection is conserved across multiple plant species, including crops. To address these questions, we generated knockdown mutants using virus-induced gene silencing in two Solanaceae species, Nicotiana benthamiana and tomato. In N. benthamiana, silencing of an EXA1 homolog significantly compromised the accumulation of potexviruses and a lolavirus, a close relative of potexviruses, whereas transient expression of EXA1 homologs from tomato and rice complemented viral infection. EXA1 dependency for potexviral infection was also conserved in tomato. These results indicate that EXA1 is necessary for effective accumulation of potexviruses and a lolavirus, and that the function of EXA1 in viral infection is conserved among diverse plant species.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-019-42400-w

PubMed

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Language：Japanese  

DOI： 10.14952/seikagaku.2023.950346

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japanese Society for Virology  

Plant viruses, obligate parasitic pathogens, utilize a variety of host plant factors in the process of their infection due to the limited number of genes encoded in their own genomes. The genes encoding these host factors are called susceptibility genes because they are responsible for the susceptibility of plants to viruses. Plants lacking or having mutations in a susceptibility gene essential for the infection of a virus acquire resistance to the virus. Such resistance trait is called recessive resistance because of the recessive inherited characteristics. Recessive resistance is reported to account for about half of the plant viral resistance loci mapped in known cultivated crops. Eukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF) 4E family genes are well-known susceptibility genes. Although there are many reports about eIF4E-mediated recessive resistance to plant viruses, the mechanistic insight of the resistance is still limited. Here we review focusing on studies that have elucidated the mechanism of eIF4E-mediated recessive resistance.

DOI： 10.2222/jsv.70.61

PubMed

CiNii Article

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Other Link： https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-19J23080/

Event date： 26 3 2026 - 28 3 2026

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Event date： 13 3 2026 - 15 3 2026

Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Event date： 8 7 2025 - 10 7 2025

Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Event date： 15 12 2024 - 16 12 2024

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Event date： 26 11 2024 - 29 11 2024

Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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