掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Wiley  

ABSTRACT

Recessive resistance, achieved through mutations in host susceptibility genes, offers an effective way for controlling plant viruses. One well‐studied gene family involved in such resistance is the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E ( eIF4E ) gene family, which includes eIF4E , eIFiso4E and the atypical novel cap‐binding protein ( nCBP ). Although gene pyramiding of the eIF4E family may provide a promising strategy for broadening virus resistance, it has so far been applied only to a limited set of gene combinations and target viruses. To deepen our understanding of the practicality of eIF4E family gene pyramiding, we analysed a comprehensive set of eIF4E family knockout mutants and six phylogenetically diverse viruses. Double‐gene mutant lines ncbp eif4e1 and ncbp eifiso4e exhibited resistance to five and three viruses, respectively, due to both additive resistance pyramiding and the emergence of novel resistance resulting from combined mutations. Notably, the observed resistance spectrum included the Comovirus , Tymovirus , Betacarmovirus and Tobamovirus genera, which were not previously linked to the eIF4E family. These results reveal a broader involvement of the eIF4E family in viral susceptibility, which may have previously been overlooked due to functional redundancy among the family members. On the other hand, plant growth assessment revealed a more severe penalty in the ncbp eif4e1 mutant than in the ncbp eifiso4e mutant, underscoring the need to select compatible gene combinations for resistance pyramiding. Collectively, this study highlights both the advantages and potential drawbacks of eIF4E family gene pyramiding and provides insights for the future development of crop varieties with broad‐spectrum virus resistance.

DOI： 10.1111/mpp.70187

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担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Many organisms produce secondary small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) that are triggered by primary small RNAs to regulate various biological processes. Plants have evolved several types of secondary siRNA biogenesis pathways that play important roles in development, stress responses, and defense against viruses and transposons. The critical step of these pathways is the production of double-stranded RNAs by RNA-dependent RNA polymerases. This step is normally tightly regulated, but when its control is released, secondary siRNA production is initiated. In this article, we will review the recent advances in secondary siRNA production triggered by microRNAs encoded in the genome and siRNAs derived from invasive nucleic acids. In particular, we will focus on the factors, events, and RNA/DNA elements that promote or inhibit the early steps of secondary siRNA biogenesis.

DOI： 10.1093/jb/mvad071

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1128/mra.00324-22

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担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：American Society for Microbiology  

Potexvirus , a group of plant viruses, infect a variety of crops, including cultivated crops. It has been thought that the three transition proteins that are essential for the cell-to-cell transfer of potexviruses are translated from two subgenomic RNAs, sgRNA1 and sgRNA2.

DOI： 10.1128/jvi.02144-21

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Since the propagation of plant viruses depends on various host susceptibility factors, deficiency in them can prevent viral infection in cultivated and model plants. Recently, we identified the susceptibility factor Essential for poteXvirus Accumulation 1 (EXA1) in Arabidopsis thaliana, and revealed that EXA1-mediated resistance was effective against three potexviruses. Although EXA1 homolog genes are found in tomato and rice, little is known about which viruses depend on EXA1 for their infection capability and whether the function of EXA1 homologs in viral infection is conserved across multiple plant species, including crops. To address these questions, we generated knockdown mutants using virus-induced gene silencing in two Solanaceae species, Nicotiana benthamiana and tomato. In N. benthamiana, silencing of an EXA1 homolog significantly compromised the accumulation of potexviruses and a lolavirus, a close relative of potexviruses, whereas transient expression of EXA1 homologs from tomato and rice complemented viral infection. EXA1 dependency for potexviral infection was also conserved in tomato. These results indicate that EXA1 is necessary for effective accumulation of potexviruses and a lolavirus, and that the function of EXA1 in viral infection is conserved among diverse plant species.

DOI： 10.1038/s41598-019-42400-w

PubMed

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：公益社団法人日本生化学会  

DOI： 10.14952/seikagaku.2023.950346

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担当区分：筆頭著者   記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本ウイルス学会  

絶対寄生性の病原体である植物ウイルスは，そのゲノムに極めて限られた数の遺伝子しかコードせず，その感染過程において宿主植物細胞の様々な因子を利用している．これらの宿主因子をコードする遺伝子は植物のウイルスに対する感受性に関与することから感受性遺伝子とよばれる．感染に必須な感受性遺伝子が欠損あるいは変異した植物はウイルスに対して抵抗性を示す．このような抵抗性形質は劣性遺伝する特徴があるため劣性抵抗性と呼ばれ，既知の栽培作物においてマッピングされたウイルス抵抗性遺伝子座の約半数を占める．最もよく知られている感受性遺伝子は，翻訳開始因子の一種であるeukaryotic translation initiation factor (eIF)4Eファミリー遺伝子である．翻訳開始因子を介した植物ウイルスに対する劣性抵抗性に関する知見は数多く存在するが，それらの多くは抵抗性という現象の観察のみにとどまっており，翻訳開始因子の機能にまで迫っている研究は比較的限られている．本稿では翻訳開始因子を介した劣性抵抗性について，そのメカニズムが解明された研究に焦点をおいて総説する．

DOI： 10.2222/jsv.70.61

PubMed

CiNii Article

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その他リンク： https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-19J23080/

開催年月日： 2026年3月26日 - 2026年3月28日

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

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開催年月日： 2026年3月13日 - 2026年3月15日

記述言語：英語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

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開催年月日： 2025年7月8日 - 2025年7月10日

記述言語：英語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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開催年月日： 2024年12月15日 - 2024年12月16日

記述言語：日本語   会議種別：口頭発表（一般）  

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開催年月日： 2024年11月26日 - 2024年11月29日

記述言語：英語   会議種別：ポスター発表  

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