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Authorship：Lead author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The City Planning Institute of Japan  

DOI： 10.11361/journalcpij.55.1265

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Authorship：Lead author  

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Authorship：Lead author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The City Planning Institute of Japan  

DOI： 10.11361/journalcpij.54.1343

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Authorship：Lead author  

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Authorship：Lead author   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The City Planning Institute of Japan  

DOI： 10.11361/journalcpij.53.660

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Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Doctoral thesis  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Architectural Institute of Japan  

&nbsp;This research focuses on the city planning of Beppu city before WW2.<br>&nbsp;Beppu is one of the famous tourist destinations in Japan since late modern period. Its start of city planning was a road development project started in 1906. It lasted for about 20years and the road of the Beppu city changed to grid patterns.<br>&nbsp;After city status were given to Beppu in 1924, the discussion about the city planning of Beppu city started. Because Beppu had unique characteristics as a tourist destination, city planning engineers from the Japanese government had much interest in and expectation to the planning. On the other hand, engineers from Oita prefecture and Beppu city, who were in charge of the planning, struggled with the methodology to plan.<br>&nbsp;The city planning law was applied to Beppu city in 1927 and just after that Mr. Hiroyuki Kayanoki, an engineer from the Home Ministry, visited Beppu city and decided the vision of Beppu city as &ldquo;the city with a scenic view and hot spring&rdquo;. Along the lines of the vision, engineers from Oita prefecture and Beppu city cooperated and worked together on the planning of streets in 1932 and land use in 1935.<br>&nbsp;Characteristics as a tourist destination were reflected in the planning of them. As for the streets, the railway track and the street was planned as grade intersections to avoid the atmosphere of the tourist destination. As for the land use, the ratio of the industrial areas was only 3% of the city planning area.<br>&nbsp;However, the planning regarding streets and the use of land only covered the city central area and most of the suburbs had no city planning. This situation encouraged Beppu city to make plans on its own in 1937, which was called as &ldquo;Sento Toshi Keikaku (Hot spring capital city planning)&rdquo;. Beppu city created the plan with the help of Dr. Tokutaro Kitamura, who was an engineer from the Home Ministry, and Prof. Eitaro Sekiguchi, who was a specialist of landscape architecture. It included the planning of streets, parks and tourist facilities.<br>&nbsp;Also Dr. Tokutaro Kitamura was in charge of the planning of scenic districts. The scenic districts surrounded the city area. Not only natural areas but also tourist attractions and recreation areas for residents were also included in the scenic districts.<br>&nbsp;Even after the Sino-Japanese war was started in July 1937, Beppu city continued making efforts to realize the plan. One large park was created following the Sento Toshi Keikaku with the help of a private company in 1942. Three large land readjustment plans were designed to control over lands, which were owned by owners outside Beppu city.<br>&nbsp;In the previous research, it was mentioned that the city planning technique for the tourist destination before WW2 was the &ldquo;park system&rdquo;, which connects parks by roads. However, in Beppu, one of the famous tourist destinations in Japan, how to control land and space were one of the issues to be solved by city planning techniques.

DOI： 10.3130/aija.82.2597

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The City Planning Institute of Japan  

This study focuses on the tourism planning theory and practice by Uzo Nishiyama between the 1930s and the 1960s. Uzo Nishiyama, who is famous for the housing theory, had an interest in the field of recreation since before WW2. After WW2, conditions of houses in Japan were poor and he had an idea that people could not rest at home and the recreation spaces were more important. He also had an interest in tourism as one type of recreations. In the war-damage reconstruction period, his interest in tourism was focused on facilities from an architect's viewpoint. In around 1959, his interest in tourism changed to "national land planning of tourism". His lab planned several plans including the "Image planning", which was famous as his planning theory. In this research three image plannings are analyzed from the perspective of tourism planning and it clarified that these plannings were partly developed based on his theory.

DOI： 10.11361/journalcpij.52.365

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Architectural Institute of Japan  

&nbsp;This paper focuses on the revision of the City Planning Law in 1933, which extended the law's application to small towns, focusing primarily on towns with hot springs (Onsen), beaches, historical sites and sightseeing places.<br><br>&nbsp;In the 1920s, scenic areas started to be developed, but the disorganized and uneven nature of this development caused some problems. In the face of this, city planners realized the importance of planning in scenic areas. Research by the Toshi-Kenkyukai (都市研究会) in 1930 clarified that many city planners could utilize city planning in scenic towns to protect the environments from damage by the private companies, to conserve the scenery, to improve the space for tourists, and to combine existing industry with new markets for tourism. At that point in time, the City Planning Law did not apply to small towns. In 1933, the law was revised and small towns with hot springs (Onsen), beaches, historical sites and sightseeing places were included. Kazumi Iinuma, the chief officer of the city planning department, aimed for conserving the natural scenery of these towns, in addition to developing the district close to the natural scenery properly.<br><br>&nbsp;Through the application of the City Planning Law, the layouts of small towns were decided not only by the town's will but also the prefectures. 576 towns in total applied the revised City Planning Law by the end of the WW2. 224 of them had planned streets, scenic districts or parks. In this paper, 56 towns are identified as scenic towns in light of official statements made and reasons given for the plan. These scenic towns, compared with the others, made a greater number of planning decisions regarding scenic districts and parks.

DOI： 10.3130/aija.82.1475

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The City Planning Institute of Japan  

This study focuses on the "Unzen garden city planning" by the urban planner Taniguchi in the early Showa era. This study examines the details of the plan, the effects of the Act and the Law and the role of Taniguchi. The plan was comprehensive and included the street and square developments, zoning, facilities as well as a wide variety of city planning techniques. By taking advantage of the preparation for the 1940 Tokyo Olympic Games and the National Park Project, the application of the Act and the Law enabled street and square development as well as the streetscape improvement. Taniguchi engaged in the planning and in the application of these laws, planning decisions and implementation as both a planner and a plan promoter.

DOI： 10.11361/journalcpij.51.1160

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (conference, symposium, etc.)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)   Publisher：日本交通公社  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：The City Planning Institute of Japan  

This study aims to clarify the aim of the "Kanko Gijutsuka Kyokai (Tourism technical experts association) ", which was established in August 1946 but had been ignored till now. The association was consist of about 50 experts (architects, landscape architects and industrial artists) including Uzo Nishiyama, Kenzo Tange, Eika Takayama and so on. It aimed at creating fascinate tourism destinations. Comprehensive settlement of tourism destinations was the association's priority. However its actions were mainly focused on facilities and each of the professional ability were not centered on how tourism destinations should be but each of the members see tourism destinations only from their professional ability's views.

DOI： 10.11361/journalcpij.50.800

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Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JLC/20017081915?from=CiNii

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：日本建築学会  

DOI： 10.3130/aija.80.895

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)  

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Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)  

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The City Planning Institute of Japan  

This study focuses on the cultural routes programme of the Council of Europe and aims to clarify 1) the transition of the programme since its start and 2) the structure of the programme.As a results, the transition can be devided into 6 parts; the discussion on the cultural tourism (1960s); the discussion on the revitalization of the Santiago de Compostela pilgrim routes (1980s); the tools for the East and West Europe to be cooperated culturally (1989-1993); the first rule which reflects the Wien Declaration(1993-1997), the first resolution which requires all the cultural routes to establish networking association(1998-2007); the revised resolution which tighten the first resolution strictly(2008-). As for the structure of this programme, the Council of Europe, the Institute of Cultural Routes and each networking association work to enhance European cultural identity.

DOI： 10.11361/cpij1.45.0.18.0

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (other academic)  

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