Award type：Honored in official journal of a scientific society, scientific journal 

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Country：Japan

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Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.ab.2020.113596

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b02371

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Desmoplasia is a hallmark of pancreatic cancer and consists of fibrotic cells and secreted extracellular matrix (ECM) components. Various in vitro three-dimensional (3D) models of desmoplasia have been reported, but little is known about the relevant thickness of the engineered fibrotic tissue. We thus measured the thickness of fibrotic tissue in human pancreatic cancer, as defined by the distance from the blood vessel wall to tumor cells. We then generated a 3D fibrosis model with a thickness reaching the clinically observed range using pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs), the main cellular constituent of pancreatic cancer desmoplasia. Using this model, we found that Collagen fiber deposition was increased and Fibronectin fibril orientation drastically remodeled by PSCs, but not normal fibroblasts, in a manner dependent on Transforming Growth Factor (TGF)-β/Rho-Associated Kinase (ROCK) signaling and Matrix Metalloproteinase (MMP) activity. Finally, by targeting Secreted Protein, Acidic and Rich in Cysteine (SPARC) by siRNA, we found that SPARC expression in PSCs was necessary for ECM remodeling. Taken together, we developed a 3D fibrosis model of pancreatic cancer with a clinically relevant thickness and observed aberrant SPARC-dependent ECM remodeling in cancer-derived PSCs.

DOI： 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2018.11.023

PubMed

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Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.18494/SAM.2019.2125

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

© 2018 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) are an important cell resource for stem cell-based therapy, which are generally isolated and enriched by the density-gradient method based on cell size and density after collection of tissue samples. Since this method has limitations with regards to purity and repeatability, development of alternative label-free methods for BMSC separation is desired. In the present study, rapid label-free separation and enrichment of BMSCs from a heterogeneous cell mixture with bone marrow-derived promyelocytes was successfully achieved using a dielectrophoresis (DEP) device comprising saw-shaped electrodes. Upon application of an electric field, HL-60 cells as models of promyelocytes aggregated and floated between the saw-shaped electrodes, while UE7T-13 cells as models of BMSCs were effectively captured on the tips of the saw-shaped electrodes. After washing out the HL-60 cells from the device selectively, the purity of the UE7T-13 cells was increased from 33% to 83.5% within 5 min. Although further experiments and optimization are required, these results show the potential of the DEP device as a label-free rapid cell isolation system yielding high purity for rare and precious cells such as BMSCs.

DOI： 10.3390/s18093007

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Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.67.379

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Authorship：Lead author,　Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE  

Bead-based padlock rolling circle amplification (RCA), an ultrasensitive and accurate DNA detection technique, was conducted in a molecular crowding environment created by poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). The number of RCA products generated increased and exhibited a bell-shaped dependence on PEG concentration. Experiments using magnetic beads suggested that facilitation of DNA ligation and hybridization is the main reason for the observed increase. Selectivity of the technique was retained in the presence of PEG. This technique is simple and can be utilized to detect target DNA with high accuracy and sensitivity in a variety of areas such as medical diagnosis and food analysis. (C) 2016 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ab.2016.12.002

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：JAPAN SOC ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY  

Nanoparticles have been widely utilized to deliver drugs from blood vessels to target tissues. A crucial issue concerning nanoparticle-based drug delivery is to discuss the relationship between experimentally-obtained permeability and physical parameters. Although nanoparticles can permeate vascular pores, because the size and shape of the pores are essentially non-uniform, conventional animal testing and recent cell-based microfluidic devices are unable to precisely evaluate the effects of physical parameters (e.g. pore size and nanoparticle size) on permeation. In this study, we present a membrane integrated microfluidic device to study permeation of nanoparticles through straight micropores. Porous membranes possessing uniform straight pores were utilized. The effects of pore size and pressure difference across the pores on nanoparticle permeation were examined. The experimentally determined permeability coefficient of 1.0 mu m-pore membrane against 100 nm-diameter nanoparticles agreed well with the theoretical value obtained for convectional permeation. Our method can be utilized to clarify the relationship between the experimentally-obtained permeability and physical parameters, and will help rational design of nanomedicines.

DOI： 10.2116/analsci.32.1307

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry  

Microfluidic vascular models were utilized as a novel platform of biochemical analysis. Cell-based vascular models were developed by culturing vascular cells in microchannels. A palmtop-sized microfluidic cell culture system, consisting of a microfluidic device and a miniaturized infusion pump, was developed. The proliferation speed and protein expression of human endothelial cells cultured in the system were the same as cells in a culture flask. A microfluidic model of microcirculation containing both blood and lymphatic vessels was developed to examine the vascular permeability. The model was applied to the assay of habu snake venom, and the assay time was reduced from 24 h to 30 min. On the other hand, cell-free microfluidic vascular models were developed in order to precisely understand the mechanism of microcirculation. The permeation of nanoparticles through artificial vascular walls was evaluated. The permeation of nanoparticles through interstitium surrounding the blood vessels was also evaluated under cell-free conditions. These models can bridge in vivo analysis and in vitro analysis.

DOI： 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.65.241

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：JAPAN SOC ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY  

The patterned coculture of different types of living cells in a microfluidic device is crucial for the analysis of cellular interactions and cell-cell communication. In the present study, cell patterning was achieved by photocrosslinking benzophenone derivatives in a microfluidic channel. Optimization of UV irradiation conditions enabled successful fixation of live cells. In addition, patterning and co-culture of non-adherent K562 cells and adherent RF-6A cells was achieved by successive rounds of patterning. The present approach is expected to be useful for the development of in vitro methods for studying cell signaling.

DOI： 10.2116/analsci.32.113

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：JAPAN SOC ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY  

Alternating current cloud point extraction (ACPE) is a preconcentration technique that can be employed in the analysis of membrane proteins on a microfluidic chip. However, the selectivity of ACPE relies on the hydrophobicity of the analytes. In this study, 11-ferrocenyltrimethylundecylammonium bromide (FTMA) was utilized to introduce electrostatic interaction as part of the ACPE technique. The use of ACPE with oxidized FTMA resulted in efficient concentration of fluorescently labeled anionic membrane proteins. We expect the approach outlined in this report to be useful in the preconcentration technique of microchip electrophoresis.

DOI： 10.2116/analsci.32.109

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE  

We developed a microfluidic model of microcirculation containing both blood and lymphatic vessels for examining vascular permeability. The designed microfluidic device harbors upper and lower channels that are partly aligned and are separated by a porous membrane, and on this membrane, blood vascular endothelial cells (BECs) and lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) were cocultured back-to-back. At cell-cell junctions of both BECs and LECs, claudin-5 and VE-cadherin were detected. The permeability coefficient measured here was lower than the value reported for isolated mammalian venules. Moreover, our results showed that the flow culture established in the device promoted the formation of endothelial cell-cell junctions, and that treatment with histamine, an inflammation-promoting substance, induced changes in the localization of tight and adherens junction-associated proteins and an increase in vascular permeability in the microdevice. These findings indicated that both BECs and LECs appeared to retain their functions in the microfluidic coculture platform. Using this microcirculation device, the vascular damage induced by habu snake venom was successfully assayed, and the assay time was reduced from 24 h to 30 min. This is the first report of a microcirculation model in which BECs and LECs were cocultured. Because the micromodel includes lymphatic vessels in addition to blood vessels, the model can be used to evaluate both vascular permeability and lymphatic return rate.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0137301

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

We report on the effect of electrode geometry on alternating current cloud point extraction (ACPE). ACPE is a technique utilized to extract membrane-associated biomolecules in an electrode-integrated microfluidic channel. In this study, we investigated the effect of gap size (4 approximate to 22 m) between microband electrodes on ACPE. A decrease in gap size resulted in efficient and rapid concentration of fluorescent-labeled phospholipids, a model of membrane-associated biomolecules. We also investigated the effect of applied voltage amplitude on ACPE using devices with decreased electrode gap size. When the gap was small, ACPE was achieved with low applied voltages. ACPE of membrane proteins extracted from HeLa cells was also studied to demonstrate the applicability of the ACPE to real samples. The results provide a guideline to improve the performance of ACPE and facilitate application of the ACPE technique as part of an overall analytical process.

DOI： 10.1002/elps.201400410

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Society for Analytical Chemistry  

AC electrokinetics is concerned with an induced motion of particles and fluids under nonuniform AC electric fields in microscale. The physicochemical nature of this phenomena, which cannot be observed in macroscale, is of great interest. In addition, AC electokinetics can be easily induced by the use of microelectrodes, which can be easily integrated into microchannels. In this paper, applications are described of AC electrokinetics as unit operations in bioanalysis on a microchip. AC electrokinetic fluid flow was utilized to mix fluids in a short time. The principle of cloud point extraction was combined with AC electrokinetics to concentrate membrane-associated biomolecules in a microchannel. These operations will contribute to the functionalization of microchip for bioanalysis.

DOI： 10.2116/bunsekikagaku.64.1

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE  

We report a microvascular-interstitium model on microfluidic devices to study leakage of drugs from blood vessels under in vivo-like flow conditions. We employed magnetic resonance imaging to demonstrate the compatibility of the model for experimental animals and humans. We observed transport of two types of different molecular-weight contrast agents into the model interstitium. The ratio of the transport rates of agents agreed with the ratio calculated from diffusion coefficients of the agents. We expect that the model will be useful for the estimation and evaluation of leakage of many kinds of agents in vivo. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ab.2014.03.020

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Language：English   Publisher：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

Nanotechnology-based drug delivery systems hold promise for innovative medical treatment of cancers. While drug materials are constantly under development, there are no practical cell-based models to assess whether these materials can reach the target tissue. Recently developed microfluidic systems have revolutionized cell-based experiments. In these systems, vascular endothelial cells and interstitium are set in microchannels that mimic microvessels. Drug permeability can be assayed in these blood vessel models under fluidic conditions that mimic blood flow. In this review, we describe device fabrication, disease model development, nanoparticle permeability assays, and the potential utility of these systems in the future. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.addr.2013.08.009

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE  

Padlock rolling circle amplification (RCA) is a powerful analytical method for ultrasensitive DNA detection. Although there are some advantages to bead-based RCA, a detailed study of the relationship between the bead material and the efficiency of bead-based RCA has not been reported. Here, we compared the reaction efficiencies of bead-based RCA performed on two types of bead material: agarose and polystyrene. Agarose was a more suitable material for on-bead RCA. The calibration curve showed linearity between 0.05 and 1 nM, and the limit of detection was 9 pM (9 amol) for Salmonella DNA determination. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.ab.2013.02.016

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：Chemical and Biological Microsystems Society  

A microfluidic ex-vivo lymphatic vascular model was developed. The microdevice has a permeable membrane inside, and vascular endothelial cells were cultured on the upper side of the membrane, while lymphatic endothelial cells were cultured on the backside of the same membrane. We investigated cellular responses to histamine that induces inflammation. This is the first report of lymphatic endothelial cell culture and permeability assay in a microfluidic device under flow conditions.

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

We present a comprehensive study of alternating current cloud point extraction (ACPE) on a microchip. ACPE is an extraction technique for preconcentration of membrane-associated biomolecules. To characterize and optimize ACPE, we carried out ACPE experiments under various experimental conditions including amplitude and frequency of applied voltages, flow velocity, and concentration of surfactant, analyte, and salt. We found that ACPE has an amplitude threshold (15 V-pp), above which the extraction was more efficient. The dependence of the extraction on frequency (>5 MHz) was insignificant. Efficient extraction was achieved when the velocity of the test solution was 0.10 similar to 0.67 mm s(-1) and the concentration of surfactant was 0.10 similar to 1.0%. In contrast, the extraction was independent of the concentration of analytes (0.20 similar to 20 mu mol dm(-3)). The technique was applicable to solutions with a salt concentration of 0.050 similar to 0.15 mol dm(-3) under temperature control of the devices. Solution temperature in ACPE was also studied. These results provide guidelines for use of the ACPE technique in microfluidic chemical and biochemical analyses.

DOI： 10.1002/elps.201200229

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

The mixing of fluids using AC electrothermal flow (AC-ETF) is presented. A pair of coplanar electrodes with a sinusoidal interelectrode gap was used to enhance the mixing in a microchannel. To demonstrate the performance of the mixer, conventional dilution experiments were conducted using Texas Red-labeled dextran. The dependence of mixing on the salt concentration (10-3 similar to 10-1 mol dm-3) of the solutions and frequency (100 kHz similar to 5 MHz) of the applied voltage were investigated. AC-ETF was responsible for the mixing at salt concentrations >10-2 mol dm-3, whereas the effect of AC-EOF was suggested to play a role at concentrations <10-2 mol dm-3 in the low-frequency region. The fluorogenic reaction of human serum albumin (HSA) with SYPRO Red in the mixer was also examined, and results showed that enrichment of fluorescence intensity and an almost uniform distribution of stained HSA were achieved. The present mixer can be employed as a powerful tool to facilitate efficient chemical and biomedical analysis on microfluidic devices.

DOI： 10.1002/elps.201200099

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

A palmtop-sized microfluidic cell culture system is presented. The system consists of a microfluidic device and a miniaturized infusion pump that possesses a reservoir of culture medium, an electrical control circuit, and an internal battery. The footprint of the system was downsized to 87 x 57 mm, which is, to the best of our knowledge, the smallest integrated cell culture system. Immortalized human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cultured in the system. HMEC-1 in the system proliferated at the same speed as cells in a microchannel perfused by a syringe pump and cells in a culture flask. HUVEC in the system oriented along the direction of the fluid flow. Claudin-5, a tight junction protein, was localized along the peripheries of the HUVEC. We expect that the present system is applicable to various cell types as a stand-alone and easy-to-use system for microfluidic bioanalysis.

DOI： 10.1002/elps.201100691

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：JAPAN SOC ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY  

A simple and robust method to immobilize cells onto a glass substrate is presented. The method employs a photochemical reaction of benzophenone, which is modified on the substrate using a standard silane coupling agent, with cells. Cells were immobilized to an area irradiated with UV light from a standard light source under an inverted microscope. The dependence of immobilization on the light power intensity and irradiation time was investigated. In situ DNA analysis within the immobilized cells was demonstrated using target-primed rolling circle amplification and fluorescent detection.

DOI： 10.2116/analsci.28.537

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：JAPAN SOC APPLIED PHYSICS  

Positioning of two different types of cells in contact with each other is of particular importance to analyze interactions between the cells. However, previous methods require sequential injection of two different cell suspensions and flow switching during the operation. Here, we present a novel method to pair two different types of cells on microfluidic devices. Single-step pairing was achieved by introducing each cell suspension from different inlets into the microchannel which has a microslit arranged with a hydrodynamic weir. As an application of the pairing, cell fusion through the microslit was studied. (C) 2012 The Japan Society of Applied Physics

DOI： 10.1143/JJAP.51.030206

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Authorship：Lead author,　Last author,　Corresponding author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：JAPAN SOC ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY  

AC electrokinetics is a generic term that refers to an induced motion of particles and fluids under nonuniform AC electric fields. The AC electric fields are formed by application of AC voltages to microelectrodes, which can be easily integrated into tnicrofluidic devices by standard microfabrication techniques. Moreover, the magnitude of the motion is large enough to control the mass transfer on the devices. These advantages are attractive for biomolecular analysis on the microfluidic devices, in which the characteristics of small space and microfluidics have been mainly employed. In this review, I describe recent applications of AC electrokinetics in biomolecular analysis on microfluidic devices. The applications include fluid pumping and mixing by AC electrokinetic flow, and manipulation of biomolecules such as DNA and proteins by various AC electrokinetic techniques. Future prospects for highly functional biomolecular analysis on microfluidic devices with the aid of AC electrokinetics are also discussed.

DOI： 10.2116/analsci.28.3

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：Chemical and Biological Microsystems Society  

We present a simple and robust technique to immobilize cells onto a glass substrate. Immobilization of cells at specific location onto planar substrates is useful for biomolecular analysis within cells. Our technique enables on-demand immobilization of cells by irradiating photoresponsive substrate that lies underneath the cells. Cells located at the irradiated area were almost completely immobilized under optimized conditions. This technique was applied to in situ DNA analysis by target-primed rolling circle amplification. Mitochondrial DNA in the immobilized cells was successfully detected. This technique will be a powerful tool for biomolecular analysis in cells on microfluidic devices.

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：Chemical and Biological Microsystems Society  

We present mechanistic characterization of alternating current cloud point extraction (ACPE) in a microchannel. ACPE is our original technique for on-chip extraction and preconcentration of membrane-associated biomolecules [1]. Joule heating of nonionic surfactant micellar solutions plays an important role in ACPE, but temperature of solutions during the extraction has not been investigated. In this study, we estimated the temperature under various experimental conditions using a temperature-dependent fluorescent dye. The ACPE was achieved around 36°C, which is physiological temperature, under optimized conditions. These results provide guidelines for use of the ACPE technique in microfluidic chemical and biochemical analyses.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

To realize an ultra sensitive determination of specific DNA, we developed and optimized on-bead rolling circle amplification (RCA) method for quantitative analyses. By using agarose beads, detection efficiency increased 100 times compared to the conventional RCA method, and quantitative analyses of 1 μL of samples containing 0.05 - 1.0 nM DNA were realized. Copyright © (2011) by the Chemical and Biological Microsystems Society.

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

Microchip-based Southern hybridization analysis system was developed, which consisted of DNA separation by microchip electrophoresis and successive hybridization on microbeads in a microchannel. The microchip was composed of a glass slide and a PDMS sheet which had a separation microchannel and a DNA hybridization zone. The system realized both DNA separation by size and identification by hybridization with simple operations and short analysis time. Copyright © (2011) by the Chemical and Biological Microsystems Society.

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：JAPAN SOC ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY  

We have reported on a novel microfluidic mixer based on AC electroosmosis. To elucidate the mixer characteristics, we performed detailed measurements of mixing under various experimental conditions including applied voltage, frequency and solution viscosity. The results are discussed through comparison with results obtained from a theoretical model of AC electroosmosis. As predicted from the theoretical model, we found that a larger voltage (similar to 20 V(p.p)) led to more rapid mixing, while the dependence of the mixing on frequency (1 - 5 kHz) was insignificant under the present experimental conditions. Furthermore, the dependence of the mixing on viscosity was successfully explained by the theoretical model, and the applicability of the mixer in viscous solution (2.83 mPa s) was confirmed experimentally. By using these results, it is possible to estimate the mixing performance under given conditions. These estimations can provide guidelines for using the mixer in microfluidic chemical analysis.

DOI： 10.2116/analsci.26.815

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：SPRINGER  

Protein refolding using a simple dilution method in a microchannel often led to the formation of protein aggregates, which bound to the microchannel wall, resulting in low refolding yields. To inhibit aggregation and improve refolding yields, an artificial chaperone-assisted (ACA) refolding, which employed detergents and beta-cyclodextrin was used. Model proteins, hen egg white lysozyme and yeast alpha-glucosidase, were successfully refolded in a microchannel. The microscopic observation showed that the ACA method suppressed protein aggregation and facilitated the refolding of lysozyme, whereas significant aggregation was observed when a simple dilution method was employed. The ACA method increased the lysozyme refolding yield by 40% over the simple dilution approach. Similarly, for alpha-glucosidase, the refolding yield using the ACA method (ca. 50%) was approximately three times compared with the simple dilution method. The ACA refolding method is a suitable approach to use in the refolding of proteins using a microfluidic system.

DOI： 10.1007/s00449-009-0374-1

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY  

Joule heating and negative dielectrophoresis, caused by AC electric fields in a microchannel, have been employed for cloud point extraction of phospholipid as a model of membrane-associated biomolecules.

DOI： 10.1039/b901007f

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：Chemical and Biological Microsystems Society  

We present an analysis of fluid motion in alternating current cloud point extraction (ACPE). Applying AC voltages to microelectrodes embedded in a microchannel caused circular motion of fluids. The results suggested that electrothermal flow might be induced in ACPE experiments and affect the extraction processes. © 2009 CBMS.

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：Chemical and Biological Microsystems Society  

We present a novel technique to concentrate water-insoluble biomolecules in a microchannel utilizing phase separation and focusing under nonuniform electric field. Applying an AC voltage to microelectrodes embedded in a microchannel increased the fluorescence from surfactant-solubilized lipid by 40-fold within 1 min. Electrophoretic transport of the concentrated lipid is also demonstrated. © 2008 CBMS.

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：Chemical and Biological Microsystems Society  

We present rapid mixing of fluids in microchannel by AC electrothermal flow. Mixing was accelerated by the flow with low AC voltage (30 Vp-p, 5 MHz) and simple experimental setup, which led to reduced operation time and efficient chemical processing. Rapid fluorescence staining of protein with the mixer was also demonstrated.

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC)  

DOI： 10.1039/b515852d

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Elsevier BV  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jelechem.2004.11.012

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Public lecture, seminar, tutorial, course, or other speech  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Public lecture, seminar, tutorial, course, or other speech  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Media coverage  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

Venue：東京大学 生産技術研究所  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：English   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Presentation type：Poster presentation  

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Application no：特願2005-148719  Date applied：20 5 2005

Patent/Registration no：特許4590557  Date issued：1 12 2010

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