Award type：International academic award (Japan or overseas)  Country：Japan

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：Center for Foreign Language Education and Research, Rikkyo University  

This study represents an attempt to illuminate the intellectual influence of Japanese national literary studies (koku-gaku) on the German Japanologist Karl Florenz (1865-1939) and his representative work, "A History of Japanese Literature" ("Geschichte der japanischen Litteratur", 1906). From 1889 to 1914, this lecturer of German literature at the Tokyo Imperial University established close relationships with his Japanese students and colleagues, some of whom cooperated on his studies of Japanese literature. Their knowledge about Japanese literature was based on the koku-gaku’s tradition that manifested its policy as a modern discipline. After describing the development of the koku-gaku at the Tokyo Imperial University during the modernizing Meiji era (1868-1912), the present study assesses both the manifestation and the function of national literature studies. In these historical contexts, this brief study points out Karl Florenz’s activity and limits of his study of Japanese literature in order to clarify his strategy of the historical writing of national literature as a German oriental philologist, especially in contrast to William G. Aston’s (1841-1911) "A History of Japanese Literature" (1899). The following textual analysis of "Geschichte der japanischen Literatur" demonstrates how Florenz transformed his knowledge of Japanese literature from the koku-gaku into the German historical writing of national literature. The conclusion of this study discusses Florenz’s philosophy of the national frames of German and Japanese literature and its boundary function in the context of national identity.

Key words: German, Japanese, nation, civilization, culture

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Language：German   Publishing type：Part of collection (book)   Publisher：Stauffenburg  

The purpose of this study is to outline the modernization process of the development of Japanese literary studies (koku-gaku) in the late 19th century. The present study focuses on one of the scholarly pioneers in the field of Japanese national literature, Haga Yaichi (1867-1927), and his "Ten Lectures on a History of our National Literature" (1899). Haga adapted both English and German historical writing methods for Japanese literary studies in order to stabilize the field as a modern academic discipline, which developed into national literature studies (koku-bungaku) at the Imperial University of Tokyo. My hypothesis about the case is that Haga’s receiving of western standards was not a one-sided passive process, but rather a selective development according to the situation of koku-gaku during the Meiji-period. My description of this modernizing process includes comparing the meanings of “classic” between German (Klassik/klassisch) and Japanese (koten). After shortly introducing Haga’s academic career before his study in Berlin, from 1900 to 1902, this study concentrates on Karl Florenz’s (1865-1939) "A History of Japanese Literature" (1906) to analyze Florenz’s use of the classic in German. Through his relationship with this lecturer in the department of German studies at the Imperial University, Haga was likely to have been well-aware of Florenz’s use of the classic in German. Textual analysis points out which aspects of that meaning Haga did not apply to his own historical approach to Japanese national literature. As the main background of his selective process, this study will examine the development of Japanese literary studies from 1870 to 1890. For its institutionalization, Konakamura Kiyonori (1822-1895), Haga’s instructor of koku-gaku from 1892 to 1895, also played an formative role, defining the classical koten-frame in Japanese literature based on a civilization theory from England. The conclusion of this study shows what the theme of selective development means in terms of the international discourse about academic modernization in Japan.

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Language：German   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japanese Association for German Studies; Iudicium  

★This paper was awarded "The 20th Prize of Japanese Association for German Studies and German Academic Exchange Service" in June 2023★

This study illuminates the academic exchange between Germany and Japan at the turn of the 20th century, specifically with regard to Karl Florenz's (1865-1939) "A History of Japanese Literature" (1906). The founder of German studies in Japan and Japanese studies in Germany seems to have incorporated the knowledge of Japanese literature imparted by his Japanese students and colleagues at the Imperial University into a scheme of German literary historiography known at the time. My thesis is, therefore, that his Japanese literary history is a hybrid product of the German and Japanese traditions of literary research. Following a definition of the key term "hybridity", this study presents Florenz's history of literature in comparison with one of the standard works of Gernan literary history in the late 19th century, Wilhelm Scherer's (1841-1886) "A History of German Literature" (1883). With a perspective on the parallel development of national literature between the German and Japanese traditions, the present study discusses Florenz's assessment of the Manyōshū, the oldest Japanese poetry collection from the 8th century. The textual analysis will clarify Florenz's analogical thinking to hybrid literary historiography, focusing on his insights into similarities and differences between the two traditions.

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Language：German   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)   Publisher：Iudicium  

This article focuses on the academic exchange between the German-speaking areas, especially Germany, and Japan at the turn of the 20th century. Specifically, the present article examines Karl Florenz's (1865-1939) "A History of Japanese Literature" (1906) from the perspective of "inclusive exclusion or exclusionary inclusion". The lecturer in German studies at the Imperial University of Tokyo seems to have organized his knowledge of Japanese literature, which he gathered with the help of his Japanese students and colleagues, according to the premises of German literary historiography. In deciding which aspects of Japanese literature Florenz included in German literary historiography, his analogical thinking functions as a guiding principle. In order to make this thinking clear, after a brief description of Florenz's situation in Japan and a discussion of the concept of "national literature" in the German and Japanese traditions, this article will look at his Japanese literary history in comparison with Wilhelm Scherer's (1841-1886) History of German Literature (1883).

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Language：German   Publishing type：Part of collection (book)   Publisher：Iudicium  

This study deals with the contact of academic cultures between Germany and Japan at the turn of the 20th century. As an example of this contact, the present study will cite "A History of Japanese Literature" (1906). The author Karl Florenz (1865-1939) collected knowledge about Japanese literature with the help of his Japanese colleagues and students on the one hand and, on the other, built up his Japanese literary history according to the methods of German literary historiography. After a brief outline of his research on Japanese literature during his stay in Japan, this study will discusses his application of German methods of literary history to Japanese literature and then present my thesis with an explanation of the concepts of "academic culture" and "hybridity". Finally, the present study will illumitate similar contexts between German and Japanese literary research in the 18th and 19th centuries that enabled Florenz to make this application.

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Other Link： https://www.iudicium.de/katalog/86205-330.htm

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japanische Gesellschaft für Germanistik e.V.  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Other  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (bulletin of university, research institution)  

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Total pages：256   Responsible for pages：44-78   Language：Japanese Book type：Scholarly book

CiNii Books

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Total pages：324   Language：Japanese Book type：Scholarly book

The subject of this book is the aspect of contact in academic exchange between Germany and Japan. As a specific object of this discussion, the present book concentrates on "A History of Japanese Literature" (1906) published by Karl Florenz (1865-1939), a teacher at the Imperial University of Tokyo, who is regarded as the founder of German literature in Japan and Japanese studies in Germany. This book examines the writing of this literary history and discusses how the knowledge of Japanese literature brought by the cooperation of Florenz's Japanese colleagues and students, and the German concepts of language and literature studies that he himself had mastered, mingled and transformed. In doing so, the similarities and differences that Florenz finds between Japanese and German literature are the key to interpreting what elements of Japanese and German literature he is discarding and selecting. This book consists of four chapters, beginning with an introduction that organizes previous research on Florenz in Japan and Germany based on postcolonial cultural theories. Chapter 1 describes Florenz's career, research collaboration by Japanese scholars, and trends in the drafting of Japanese literary history during the Meiji period. Chapter 2 traces the concept and chronological description of "A History of Japanese Literature" and discusses Florenz's specific critiques of literary works in relation to discourses belonging to the Japanese and German academic traditions. Chapter 3 sketches theoretical and institutional aspects of German studies in the 19th century Germany, the Department of Oriental Language Studies at the University of Leipzig, where Florenz studied before coming to Japan, and national studies in the Meiji era, as far as the formation of Florenz's hybrid description of literary history is concerned. Chapter 4 summarizes the entire discussion and interdisciplinarily questions the significance of interpreting the hybridity of German-Japanese academic trends in the origins of contemporary Japanese literary studies.

CiNii Books

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Event date： 19 10 2024 - 20 10 2024

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Kumamoto University  

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Event date： 5 8 2023 - 6 8 2023

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (invited, special)  

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Event date： 24 8 2022 - 26 8 2022

Language：German   Presentation type：Symposium, workshop panel (public)  

Venue：Düsseldorf  

Haga Yaichi (1867-1927), one of the founders of modern Japanese literary research, who studied literature and philology at Berlin University from 1900 to 1902, introduced concepts of German philology into Japanese literary studies. In doing so, he probably drew in particular on August Boeckh's (1785-1867) then prominent Encyclopaedia and Methodology of the Philological Sciences (1877). This "modernization" of Japanese literary studies took place within the framework of its institutionalization as kokubungaku, which built on the pre-modern research tradition of kokugaku, at a faculty within the imperial university system. My thesis is that Haga not only passively translated Boeckh's concept, but also consciously received it selectively and partially reinterpreted it. This selective reception, which seems to be strongly conditioned by Haga's competence, position and situation as a Western or German-oriented heir of Japanese national philology, led to a hybridization of the two research traditions. Taking into account Haga's curriculum vitae and his diary of his one-and-a-half-year stay in Berlin, my lecture will address the open question of which aspects of the German concept Haga deliberately did not adopt, by comparing Haga's lecture "Japanese Philology" (Nihon Bunkengaku, 1907) with Boeckh's remarks on philology.

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Event date： 26 8 2019 - 29 8 2019

Language：German   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Sapporo  

Um die Wende zum 20. Jahrhundert erfährt der kulturwissenschaftliche Austausch zwischen Deutschland und Japan eine Hochkonjunktur: Der Ausbau der ostasiatischen Sprach- und Völkerkunde führte beim deutschen Publikum zu einem vertieften Interesse an japanischer Kultur. Die Erforschung der japanischen Literatur folgte hierbei häufig den Methoden der deutschen Literaturwissenschaft. Aus diesem Kontext geht Karl Florenz (1865–1939) hervor, der einerseits in engem Kontakt mit japanischen Literaturwissenschaftlern Kenntnisse über die japanische Literatur sammelte. Andererseits verfasste er seine Geschichte der japanischen Litteratur (1906) nach dem Schema der damals als Standardwerke geltenden deutschen Literaturgeschichten, um die Aufmerksamkeit seiner Leser auf Ähnlichkeiten in der Entwicklung der deutschen und der japanischen Literatur zu lenken. In meinem Vortrag gehe ich vor dem Hintergrund des deutsch-japanischen Wissenschaftsaustausches den Fragen nach, welche Aspekte Florenz in seiner Literaturgeschichtsschreibung als ähnlich herausarbeitet, und was er durch dieses Verfahren ausschließt oder übersieht.

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Event date： 8 6 2019 - 9 6 2019

Language：Japanese   Presentation type：Oral presentation (general)  

Venue：Tokyo  

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