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Committee type：Academic society

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Committee type：Academic society

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Committee type：Academic society

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6 2016 - 3 2021

Grant number：16H06546

Grant amount：\59540000 （ Direct Cost: \45800000 、 Indirect Cost：\13740000 ）

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6 2016 - 3 2021

Grant number：16H06548

Grant amount：\101920000 （ Direct Cost: \78400000 、 Indirect Cost：\23520000 ）

With an awareness of the hierarchical structure of micro, meso, and macro, we have advanced research on regional integration that occurs in the meso field, and as a final research result, we published a research series on multi-dimensional regional integration. Specifically, it has been found that entities from different levels of interest, such as "macro entities (political and economic integration framework beyond the state)", and "meso-oriented entities (nations)" and "micro-entities (industrial groups, ethnic groups, companies, politicians, etc.)", interact while spanning newer relationships and updating the subjective viewpoints formulated through the dynamics of political, economic and regional integration. Based on our respective specialized fields, we have analyzed important themes concerning economic as well as political integrations and made research efforts to critically overcome existing theory confined by a monolithic-nation view, and generated new results.

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6 2016 - 3 2021

Grant number：16K21736

Grant amount：\30290000 （ Direct Cost: \23300000 、 Indirect Cost：\6990000 ）

国際活動支援班では毎年海外の研究機関と共同で国際会議を海外で実施しているが、2019年度はグローバル関係学の海外における研究拠点の１つとしての千葉大学バンコクキャンパス（マヒドン大学インターナショナルカレッジ内に設置）と同カレッジとの連携により
2019年12月2-3日、同大学Charinyarasami Hallにて国際会議「資源と移動」International Conference on Resources and Human Mobilityを開催した。そこでは、以下の点を会議趣旨とした。「人の移動は、広義の「資源」（天然資源のみならず、生活水準や雇用機会を含む経済的「資源」、民主主義など特定の統治体制としての政治的な「資源」、アイデンディを含む文化的な「資源」）に大きく影響され、逆の影響もまた想定される。さらに人の移動と「資源」との関係性は地球規模・地域的・国家間および国内主体間の関係性として階層的・複層的に関わりあっている。本国際会議は、この状況を具体的かつ理論的に把握することを目的とする。」会議では８つのパネルが設けられ、日本からの参加者は18名、海外からの参加者は約25名（タイ、フィリピン、オーストラリア、オーストリア、ドイツなど）と、第一線の研究者が集結して活発な研究報告および討論が行われた。会議後、フィリピンをベースにした国際ジャーナルAsian and Pacific Migration Journal 第28巻第４号に、その概要報告が掲載された。
https://journals.sagepub.com/eprint/XWA2IHURWP26FDBEZEFD/full

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2019 - 2021

Grant number：18KK0353

Grant amount：\11960000 （ Direct Cost: \9200000 、 Indirect Cost：\2760000 ）

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4 2017 - 3 2020

Grant number：17H02234

Grant amount：\12870000 （ Direct Cost: \9900000 、 Indirect Cost：\2970000 ）

This study has tried to examine the impact of anti-corruption campaigns on democratization in Asian countries. As the prevention and suppression of political corruption became an international norm after the 1990s, some regimes have capitalized this norm and used anti-corruption measures, with little reserve, as a means of suppressing dissidents. As a result, there have been many cases where the fight against corruption has been used to destroy democratic regimes and preserve authoritarian regimes. Not only national leaders, but also some citizens who dislike democratic politics, welcome the destruction of democracy, such as military coup d'etat staged in the name of anti-corruption.

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4 2015 - 3 2020

Grant number：15K21493

Grant amount：\3250000 （ Direct Cost: \2500000 、 Indirect Cost：\750000 ）

Based on the analysis on the federal budget of Malaysia, this project identified the surge in the budgetary distribution to the Ministry of Finance and Prime Minister's Office (both of which are under the purview of the Prime Minister) after the Asian Financial Crisis. It also identified that these allocations were utilized as political resources for the Prime Minister to bolster his support within the governing party as well as among the voters. The findings were published in five separate articles. The Budget documents were published in the website of a Malaysian NGO (Sinar Project) to enhance transparency. In addition to this. the proponent currently prepares a database website to enable users to access to the budget data.

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4 2015 - 3 2020

Authorship：Principal investigator  Grant type：Competitive

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4 2016 - 3 2019

Grant number：16H03322

Grant amount：\16900000 （ Direct Cost: \13000000 、 Indirect Cost：\3900000 ）

Our project has created a lot of research results through joint research
activity for three years under the titled theme. Summing up the figures in the respective annual reports of us and others, we have had 47 articles, 59 reports and speeches at several meetings of academic societies and seminars, and so on. The characteristic ones among those are as follows,
(1)We have contributed 7 articles to the special issue of 'Social Sciences' vol.48 no.2 published by the Institute for the Study of Humanities & Social Sciences, Doshisha University, as the platform of our project.(2)We have planed and performed a symposium titled, 'The Interests between ASEAN and Japan, and the Future of East Asia: From the Viewpoints of Natural Resource Development, Primary Products Trade and Territrial Rights' as the 92nd open lecture held by the Institute.

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4 2014 - 3 2018

Grant number：26257005

Grant amount：\42380000 （ Direct Cost: \32600000 、 Indirect Cost：\9780000 ）

Our project has created a lot of research results through joint research activity for four years under the titled theme. Summing up the figures in the respective annual reports of us, we have had 15 articles, 24 reports and speeches at several meetings of academic societies and invited lectures. The characteristic ones among those are as follows,
(1)We have puclished the final reports of our research results having the same title with our project. The 13 members of our project including Hayashida and the 3 members of our preceding project have written some chapters and columns.(2)We have contributed 7 articles to the special issue of 'Southeast Asian Studies' vol.55 no.2. (3)We have had a panel discussion, an open lecture and two times of international seminars.

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4 2014 - 3 2017

Grant number：26283005

Grant amount：\16640000 （ Direct Cost: \12800000 、 Indirect Cost：\3840000 ）

A major aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between democratization and judicialization of politics in Southeast Asian countries. Judicialization is usually a product of democratization and often furthers democratization. However, it is essentially counter-majoritarian and might thwart democratic transition. Indeed, the numerical minorities in democratizing countries are not infrequently the politically weak people but the privileged under the pre-democratizing regime.
Judicial review is very much affected by two factors: 1) the way to appoint judges, and 2) the extent of political diffusion.

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4 2012 - 3 2016

Grant number：24241080

Grant amount：\43940000 （ Direct Cost: \33800000 、 Indirect Cost：\10140000 ）

New phenomena of civil-military relation is now highlighted since Arab Springs in 2011. Military relation with the civil society plays a crucial role in designating military behavior in the recent cases of military intervention in politics. Cases in Thailand and in Egypt show the military intervention as a result of‘listening to the voices’from the street; but which voices does it listen to? Which civil society influences the behavior of military? Another phenomenon we witness is erosion of the legitimacy of state as‘the source of legitimate physical force', which authorizes national army to use force. Now prevalence of para-military complicates the state-military-civil society relations. Should we consider para-military as a part of politicised military power, or counterbalance to national army?
Answering the questions raised, we published a book titled‘Military, State and Civil Society in the Developing Countries', taking cases of the Middle East, Southeast Asia, and so on.

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4 2012 - 3 2016

Grant number：24330035

Grant amount：\17680000 （ Direct Cost: \13600000 、 Indirect Cost：\4080000 ）

This project investigated competitive authoritarian regimes increasing in the post-Cold War world. For this purpose, specialists in the post-communist countries, Southeast Asia, Arab countries, Africa, and Latin America rallied. We held meetings twice every year for comparative analysis, actively conducted fieldwork, and publicized research results in foreign and domestic journals and conferences. We organized an experiment of inter-regional comparison, between Kazakhstan and Malaysia. The term of this project coincided with the Ukrainian Crisis and the Arab Spring. This project was involved in these actual issues.

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2014 - 2016

Grant type：Competitive

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4 2012 - 3 2015

Grant number：24730123

Grant amount：\1560000 （ Direct Cost: \1200000 、 Indirect Cost：\360000 ）

This research focuses on the relations between public finance and democracy in a developmental state. In the 1990s, Malaysia was recognised for having succeeded in maintaining fiscal balance and keeping public debt at low level. However, Asian Financial Crisis (AFC) marked a new period when the country sustains budget deficit and has higher public debt than ever. Based on the analysis of public finance and electoral politics, this research argues that the increasing debt and sustaining deficit are due to (i) delayed reform on the public expenditure, which increased significantly after the AFC as pump-priming measures and eventually contributed as political resources of the leaders of the governing party Barisan Nasional on one hand, and on the other, (ii) prolonged revenue reform by the government in fear of losing supports among voters. Delayed expenditure reform results in strengthened sense of resistance against tax raise, making balanced budget even more difficult.

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2012 - 2015

Grant type：Competitive

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11 2011 - 3 2014

Grant number：23330077

Grant amount：\7800000 （ Direct Cost: \6000000 、 Indirect Cost：\1800000 ）

Since the 1990s, many countries in the world have experienced a variety of social risks --unpredictable risks--- including economic risks, political risks and natural disasters. Among them, the most serious risks facing East Asia are rising economic inequality and instability of employment. Our project aimed to focus these two risks, and to explore various policies implemented by a state, enterprises and local communities.
This project conducted a comparative study on demographic transition, changes in family structure and labor market, and social security system in ten East Asian countries (economies) including Japan. The project also provided evidences and data relating to both the limitation of state-led social security system and the new role of communities and NGOs in security of livelihood in six select countries (China, Korea, Thailand, Malaysia, Singapore and Indonesia).

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2012 - 2014

Grant type：Competitive

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2012 - 2014

Grant type：Competitive

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2007 - 2009

Grant number：07J06313

Grant amount：\3300000 （ Direct Cost: \3300000 ）

近年、競争的な選挙を実施する一方で、政治的・市民的自由に相当な制限を加える「半権威主義体制」の存在が指摘され、典型例として、エジプト、シンガポール、ヨルダン、マレーシアなどがしばしばあげられる。
このような政治体制において、政策や法律は、どのように作られ、運用されるのか。これまでの研究は、「半権威主義体制」が、政府や与党、多数派民族の意思によって成立するもので、社会アクターや野党、少数派民族は抑圧され、政策過程に十分なアクセスを持たないと論じてきた。しかし、これらの研究は、「半権威主義体制」が自由民主主義の「欠如態」にすぎないという前提から出発しているため、政策過程について十分な実証過程を行っていない。
そこで、本研究は、「半権威主義体制」の骨格をなす政治的権利を制限する法の立法過程と、そのような法の下での経済政策策定過程を、議会議事録と新聞、雑誌等報道、インタビューから明らかにし、マレーシアの「半権威主義体制」について、新たな見方を提示することを目指した。
結論として、(1)主要な立法が、実際には政府、与党、多数派民族のみならず、社会アクター、野党、少数派民族も含めた包括的過程を経て成立していること、(2)(1)の帰結として、主要な立法は、様々なアクターの要求を反映した内容を持ち、立場の異なるアクター同士で、互いの行為を縛り合う「箍のはめ合い」としての性格を持ち、政府でさえも、法律を濫用して社会アクターや野党を抑圧することはできないこと(3)(2)のような「拘束性」の故に、少数派民族や野党の政策過程への参加が保障され続け、長期経済政策等に影響を与える余地があることを示した。その上で、このような特徴を持つ体制が、持続性を持ちうることを示した。
以上の知見は、単著『<民主政治>の自由と秩序:マレーシア政治体制論の再構築』としてまとめ、2010年3月に京都大学学術出版会から公刊した。

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2002 - 2004

Grant number：02J08418

Grant amount：\2900000 （ Direct Cost: \2900000 ）

(1)本年度は、開発主義経済における福祉政策という観点から見て、(1)労働者階級を支持基盤とする政党の不在にも関わらず、労働者も含めた下層への分配が行われた、(2)経済成長と経済的富の分配が同時に行われてきた、という二点のユニークな特徴を持つマレーシアの福祉政策拡大過程を中心的課題として取り上げた。
(2)同国において国家による分配政策が本格化したのは、「新経済政策」と称される経済開発政策が策定された1970年以降である。既存研究では、「新経済政策」の策定によりマレー人への排他的な分配が制度化され、また、1971年の憲法改正によって成立した政治体制下では非マレー人による異議申し立ての機会が奪われた、とされている。もっともマレー人が多数を占める農村開発や、教育の分野においてマレー人に対して差別的な分配がなされたことは確かだが、この時期に、特定のエスニック集団を対象としない社会保障や公的扶助が拡充していったことも明らかである。
(3)そこで本研究は、「マレー人に対して差別的な分配」をもたらすために「非マレー人による異議申し立ての機会」を奪ったとされる1971年憲法改正に関し、分配に関する議論に焦点を当て、国会議事録、新聞報道およびインタビューから分析した。
(4)その結果、同改正が非マレー人に対し、政府によるマレー人に対する積極的優遇措置が不公正であると異議申し立てをする権利を明確に保障するものであった、という知見が得られた。
(5)この知見をまとめたものを、2004年8月3-5日にマレーシアのクアラルンプールで開催されたThe 4th International Malaysian Studies Conferenceにおいて発表した。また、同発表に加筆・修正したものを『国際関係論研究』へ投稿し、採用が決定している

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Grant type：Competitive

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Grant type：Competitive

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Grant type：Competitive

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