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DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0208525

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.2166/nh.2015.162

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.jenvman.2015.06.051

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1007/s11356-014-3811-x

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.2166/aqua.2014.171

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Language：Japanese  

CiNii Article

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1007/s10661-013-3421-y

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Language：English   Publisher：Japan Society on Water Environment  

To obtain basic information about the emergency water supply for elderly people, the amount of water use and preparedness for the cutoff of water supply at elderly facilities in Tokyo were investigated. Questionnaires about water use in October 2012 and preparedness for the cutoff of the water supply were sent to 1,251 of these facilities located in Tokyo, and 214 answers were obtained. Based on the data from facilities not involving outpatient users, the daily water use per person admitted was calculated. Median values were 411 [L/day/person-admitted], and 431 [L/day/person-admitted] for the Designated Facility Covered by Public Aid Providing Long-Term Care to the Elderly (n = 13), and the Welfare Facilities for the Elderly (i.e., Nursing Home, Low-Cost Home, and Fee-Based Home for the Elderlies) (n = 22), respectively. Note that these values include the water used by workers and visitors at the facilities. Meanwhile, the preparedness was summarized based on all of the valid answers. As a result, the ratio of water receiving tank possession and the stock drinking water were high. However, there are still room for improvement of the introductions of the emergency water supply agreement and the emergency drill considering the cutoff of the water supply.

DOI： 10.2965/jwet.2014.211

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Language：Japanese  

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2012.01.014

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1252/kakoronbunshu.38.290

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DOI： 10.2136/sssaj2010.0087

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2010.04.032

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Language：English   Publisher：Japan Society on Water Environment  

For developing a multipurpose <I>Botryococcus braunii</I> utilization system, in which water purification and biofuel production will be achieved simultaneously, the growth behavior of <I>B. braunii</I> under a simulated open-air condition was clarified, where <I>Microcystis aeruginosa</I> was assumed to coexist. <I>Microcystis aeruginosa</I> is one of the typical algae in eutrophic water. The monoculture experiments revealed that the growth rate of a <I>B. braunii</I> strain was lower than that of a microcystin-producing <I>M. aeruginosa</I> strain under various phosphate concentrations. Meanwhile, the phosphate uptake rate of <I>B. braunii</I> was higher than that of <I>M. aeruginosa</I>. In the batch monoculture experiments, the promising hydrocarbon production of <I>B. braunii</I> was observed within a wide range of initial phosphate concentrations (11 to 216 mg-PO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>3-</SUP>/L). In the two-algal species mixed culture experiments, the growth characteristics were different with the coexisting species. When a non-microcystin-producing <I>M. aeruginosa</I> strain was cultured with <I>B. braunii</I>, the domination of <I>M. aeruginosa</I> within the experimental period was observed especially in the cases where the initial biomasses of <I>M. aeruginosa</I> were high compared to those of <I>B. braunii</I>. On the other hand, when microcystin-producing <I>M. aeruginosa</I> was cultured with <I>B. braunii</I>, the abundant microcystin production was observed without domination of <I>M. aeruginosa</I>. These results suggested the importance of the effective utilization of the high phosphate uptake ability of <I>B. braunii</I>, and the control of the initial biomass ratio of algae for the realization of <I>B. braunii</I> system under the open-air condition.

DOI： 10.2965/jwet.2011.29

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.2166/wst.2011.209

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Language：English   Publisher：Japan Society on Water Environment  

Freshwater shortage and energy crisis are the two major challenges in the 21<SUP>st</SUP> century. The coupling of wastewater treatment and energy production to supply reclaimed water and sustainable energy is a very promising approach to handle these two challenges. A novel process of domestic wastewater reclamation coupled with biofuel/biomass production based on microalgae is proposed in this paper. The organic pollutants in wastewater are separated and concentrated by flocculation and filtration, and nitrogen and phosphorus are used as nutrients for microalgal cultivation. The organics separated and microalgal biomass harvested can be further processed to produce biofuel. The novel process proposed in this paper will bring about innovation in wastewater treatment, and the conventional wastewater treatment process will be transformed from a mere "treatment process" to a "production process" using wastes as raw materials and thereby can produce biofuel and other valuable by-products. At present, this novel process is in the conceptual stage, and some key techniques necessary to be further studied are also discussed in this paper.

DOI： 10.2965/jwet.2011.199

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Language：English   Publisher：Japan Society on Water Environment  

Giant reed has high biomass productivity, and is a promising plant to be used for a constructed wetland system in which energy/material production and water purification are achieved simultaneously (multi-functional wetland). In this study, the cadmium removal by hydroponically cultured giant reed was observed, and its concentration in the plant body was measured to clarify the applicability of the wetland for cadmium treatment. The results suggested that the hydroponic culture of giant reed has high potential for cadmium removal. In addition, the inhibitory effect of cadmium on phosphorus removal, that is also important for water purification, was not observed under a concentration lower than 1 mg-Cd/L for 7 days. After about 2 months of hydroponic culture the absorbed cadmium was highly concentrated in the rhizome. Furthermore, the positive correlation between glutathione (GSH) in the rhizome and cadmium removal rate was observed, indicating that the production of GSH was controlled by the cadmium assimilated in the giant reed.

DOI： 10.2965/jwet.2011.121

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：SOCIETY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, JAPAN  

The effects of rice plant varieties and their mechanical pretreatment on anaerobic digestion performances (total methane production potential, the methane production rate, and the lag time) were investigated under the thermophilic condition (55°C). Four rice varieties, three for forage (<I>Oryza sativa</I> L. cv. Leafstar, Kusahonami, and Hamasari) and one for food (<I>Oryza sativa</I> L. cv. Nipponbare), were subject to the investigations. Different anaerobic digestion characteristics were observed with each rice variety: lag time to observe the emergence of methane production of the Leafstar stem was 0.33 day, the shortest among all tested rice varieties. The shortest lag time was likely due to the highest content of starch in the stems of Leafstar. Mechanical pulverization as pretreatment for anaerobic digestion had no effect on the amount of total methane production, methane production rate, and lag time of the Leafstar stems. As for the methane production amount calculated based on biomass productivity, Leafstar was the highest, followed by, in the descending order, Kusahonami, Hamasari, and Nipponbare. The result suggests that forage rice is more suitable as feedstock of anaerobic digestion than common rice. The possibility of dry anaerobic digestion using Leafstar was also confirmed without ammonia inhibition to methane production by a repeated batch anaerobic digestion experiment.

DOI： 10.11353/sesj.24.462

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Other Link： http://agriknowledge.affrc.go.jp/RN/2010814714

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Scopus

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Scopus

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.11353/sesj.23.467

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.11353/sesj.23.459

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Scopus

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Language：English   Publisher：Japan Society on Water Environment  

Forage rice has high potential to produce biomass, and the vertical flow (VF) constructed wetland in which forage rice is cultivated is one of the effective ways to achieve the purification of eutrophicated water and biomass production simultaneously. To design and manage the VF constructed wetlands cultivated with forage rice adequately, nutrient dynamics and the growth of the rice should be understood quantitatively. In this study, we performed a series of experiments replicating VF constructed wetlands involving the cultivation of a variety of forage rice ("<i>Kusahonami</i>") using river water (supply rate : 0.1, 0.2, and 0.6 m³/(m²·day)) for 169 days. The results showed that the rice biomass increased with the river water supply rate. A mathematical model was developed based on these experimental observations in order to quantitatively explain the nitrogen dynamics in VF constructed wetlands cultivated with forage rice. The changes in both the rate of nitrogen assimilation by rice and the denitrification rate with the change in the rate of water supply were simulated with the proposed model.

DOI： 10.2965/jwet.2009.251

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Language：English   Publisher：Japan Society on Water Environment  

Giant reed (<I>Arundo donax</I>) is a perennial, gramineous plant that has high biomass production potential. In this study, we focused on its applicability as a raw material for the production of adsorbents for the purification of cadmium-contaminated water. Charcoals were prepared from the stalk of the giant reed at various temperatures (400 - 700°C) under nitrogen stream. Analysis of pore size distribution based on methanol vapor adsorption revealed that the mesopores within the range of 20 to 100 Å were abundant in charcoals prepared under 400°C and 500°C. Using these charcoals, the removal capacity of cadmium from aqueous solution was investigated. As a result, high removal capacity under low concentration of cadmium was observed. High yield of cadmium with 0.01 N hydrochloric acid treatment was also clarified. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that Cd(OH)<SUB>2</SUB> existed on the surface of the cadmium-adsorbed charcoal. The possible mechanism of the "apparent adsorption" was discussed.

DOI： 10.2965/jwet.2010.305

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.aquatox.2008.11.014

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Language：Japanese  

DOI： 10.2965/jswe.32.543

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Language：Chinese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Scopus

PubMed

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Language：Chinese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

Scopus

PubMed

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：SOCIETY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE, JAPAN  

Utilization of biomass resources has become of interest in recent years. Under this circumstances, especially the bio-fuel production systems based on the energy crops are paid attention. On the other hand, to avoid the competition with food production, the energy crop production in abandoned agricultural field is desirable, which potentially make some another environmental impact. To design the desirable energy crop utilization system, its sustainability should be estimated from various points of view including the environmental impact. In this study, a methodology for designing the energy crop utilization system was developed based on the simultaneous estimation of impact on water environment and energy balance of the system. Bioethanol production from rice cultivated in the abandoned agricultural field was focused as a bio-fuel production system. To estimate the relationship among the methods of fertilization, crop yields, and environmental impacts, a numerical model which can describe the growth of rice, water and nitrogen flow in the paddy field was developed. And using this model, the biomass growth and nitrogen loading into the water environment when a high-yielding variety of rice was cultivated in the abandoned paddy field under a certain environmental condition were calculated. Furthermore, the energy consumption in the rice production and in the process to produce the bio-ethanol from the rice was estimated. Finally, a method to estimate the effects of fertilization procedure and purity of produced ethanol on the nitrogen loading into water environment and energy gain simultaneously was proposed. This set of methodology is useful to design the rational energy crop utilization system.

DOI： 10.11353/sesj1988.21.379

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Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/00319851560?from=CiNii

Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.biortech.2006.08.022

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DOI： 10.1016/j.biortech.2005.06.002

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DOI： 10.1016/j.watres.2005.06.032

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DOI： 10.1016/j.watres.2005.04.039

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1016/j.memsci.2004.12.016

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (international conference proceedings)  

Scopus

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：The Japan Institute of Energy  

DOI： 10.20550/jietaikaiyoushi.14.0_112

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.1295/koron.62.316

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DOI： 10.2166/wst.2005.0219

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)   Publisher：Japan Institute of Energy  

DOI： 10.3775/jie.84.923

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Language：English   Publisher：The Society of Chemical Engineers, Japan  

Two areas of concern to man are pollution control and the discovery of renewable resources. The conversion of unutilized biomass to useful chemicals combines both these items. In this sense, we have advocated the Biomass Refinery Social System. The high temperature compressed water decomposition process we developed so far is an important elemental process of the system, which can be operated without any additional catalyst. In order to the implementation of this process, it is necessary to demonstrate the effective continuous decomposition of biomass under high concentration. In this study, we investigated the chemical decomposition of cellulose in newly manufactured continuous high temperature compressed water reactor (25 mm in diameter; 1,500 mm in length) equipped with screw-feeder to allow the feed of high concentration slurry.The decomposition of microcrystalline cellulose was performed to clarify the effects of cellulose concentration, operation temperature, and reaction time, while the operation pressure was set as 15 MPa. It was found from the results that the cellulose was decomposed to valuable chemicals such as furfural, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), and sugars (mainly glucose) effectively even in high concentration (10wt%). The maximum yields of furfural, 5-HMF, and sugars in this concentration were 0.02, 0.09 and 0.11 gC/gC-cellulose, respectively. The yields were affected by feed concentration, operation temperature and reaction time within the range of 3 to 10 wt%, 240 to 260 degree C, and 7.5 to 20 minutes, respectively. A numerical description of the decomposition mechanism of cellulose in the reactor was also discussed.

DOI： 10.11491/apcche.2004.0.457.0

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DOI： 10.1016/S0043-1354(03)00392-0

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DOI： 10.1016/S0043-1354(03)00382-8

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Language：English   Publisher：Japan Society on Water Environment  

To estimate the long-term effects of ecosystem-manipulating lake restoration methods such as biomanipulation, we need a numerical model which can predict the succession of plankton community with sufficient accuracy. An accurate numerical model can be prepared based on an accurate data background. In this sense, two series of mesocosm (outdoor open-air pond) experiments that mimicked conditions in shallow and eutrophic water ecosystem were performed to clarify the effects of the zooplankton community on phytoplankton succession quantitatively. The experiments were carried out in both summer and winter periods. The results revealed that three types of zooplankton, namely rotifers, copepods, and cladocerans, have different effects on phytoplankton succession. Rotifers did not graze blue-green algae. Cladocerans suppress the growth of phytoplankton even for some blue-green algae effectively by their predation. The results of these experiments suggest that the amount of crustaceans, i.e., copepods and cladocerans, should be increased for the successful enforcement of biomanipulation. A model based on these quantitative outcomes, and its prediction of a biomanipulation for an eutrophic shallow lake is also mentioned.

DOI： 10.2965/jwet.2004.75

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：公益社団法人 化学工学会  

DOI： 10.11491/scej.2003f.0.214.0

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Language：English   Publishing type：Research paper (scientific journal)  

DOI： 10.2166/wst.2003.0480

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DOI： 10.1016/S0008-6223(03)00411-1

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DOI： 10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00435-8

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DOI： 10.1016/S0043-1354(00)00165-2

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DOI： 10.1016/S0304-3800(99)00231-8

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Language：Japanese  

DOI： 10.2965/jswe.23.697

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Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japan Society on Water Environment  

Algae (Selenastrumn capricornutum and Micocystis aeruginosa) were cultivated in the condition of coexistence with various amounts of macrophyte to evaluate the inhibitory effect of macrophyte on algal growth. The effect of water extract and methanol extract from macrophyte on algal growth also was investigated. Egeria densa, Cabomba caroliniana and Myriophyllum spicatum were used as macrophyte. As the macrophyte increased in the algae-macrophyte mixed culture system, algal growth was reduced. It was also shown that the water extract and methanol extract inhibited algal growth and that the inhibitory effect of macrophyte were species-specific to algae. EC50 of macrophyte, water extract and methanol extract for algal growth showed that Myriophyllum spicatum had the most inhibitory effect on the growth of both S. capricornutum and M. aeruginosa among the these macrophytes.

DOI： 10.2965/jswe.17.33

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Other Link： https://jlc.jst.go.jp/DN/JALC/00024942126?from=CiNii

Language：Japanese   Publisher：Japan Society on Water Environment  

Effects of daily variation of flow and accumulation of suspended solids on the performance of submerged anaerobic/aerobic biofilm systems were investigated by laboratory study using synthetic wastewater and by field study using grey water.<BR>The concentration of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in effluent from anaerobic filter did not change corresponding to the change in flow both in laboratory and in field study when daily average hydraulic retention time in anaerobic filter (HRTa) was 20 h. In field study, however, percent removal of DOC by anaerobic filter was considerably smaller (20-30%) than that of laboratory study (90-95%) at HRTa of 20 h. The low percent removal of DOC by anaerobic filter was caused firstly by organic release from suspended solids accumulated in the anaerobic filter and secondly by channering flow with the accumulation of the suspended solids. Nitrogen release from suspended solids was also observed in anaerobic filter

DOI： 10.2965/jswe1978.14.233

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (scientific journal)  

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Authorship：Lead author   Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (bulletin of university, research institution)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (bulletin of university, research institution)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：National Institute of Public Health  

In the case of a disaster, having adequate schemes of emergency water supply for elderly people is one of the important issues for Japanese water suppliers. In this report, an overview of the global statuses of aging and water supply was provided. Our review indicated that there is a relationship between aging and the use of improved drinking water. And the situations of aging and use of improved drinking water are widely scattered in Asia, indicating that Japan should play an important and leading role to address the issue.Examples of disasters in rural areas in Japan were also reviewed. It revealed that the usefulness of wells fit for drinking. And the necessity of delivery of water for each house individually in mountainous regions was also clarified. Furthermore, the "K-Net" and its related facilities for the cutoff of water supply were overviewed; K-Net was implemented by Kashiwa city in Chiba Prefecture and is one of the supporting networks for people who need support in the case of disaster. Lastly, our research for the investigation of the state of water use and the countermeasures for the cutoff of water supply in elderly care facilities were briefly introduced.

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Other Link： http://www.niph.go.jp/journal/data/64-2/201564020004.pdf

Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (scientific journal)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：National Institute of Public Health  

Regarding the global efforts in recent years, the international trends of water and sanitation were reviewed especially focused on the United Nation's Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), and WHO's Water Safety Plan (WSP). The achievement status of MDGs related to drinking-water and sanitation was described. Access to drinking-water has been successfully achieved, however sanitation has yet been largely delayed due to economic and social conditions. Meanwhile, concept of WSP is implemented in almost 60 countries and regions. The background, overview, and current status of WSP implementation and relative activities were summarized. Furthermore, the movements of the World Water Forum, United Nation's World Water Assessment Programme (WWAP) and Japanese international cooperation in water and sanitation were mentioned. Finally, the future prospective of international water and sanitation was described.

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Other Link： http://www.niph.go.jp/journal/data/62-5/201362050009.pdf

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (bulletin of university, research institution)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：The University of Tokyo  

DOI： 10.11188/seisankenkyu.56.232

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (bulletin of university, research institution)  

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Language：Japanese   Publishing type：Rapid communication, short report, research note, etc. (bulletin of university, research institution)   Publisher：The University of Tokyo  

DOI： 10.11188/seisankenkyu.52.96

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Event date： 8 8 2023 - 9 8 2023

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Event date： 8 8 2023 - 9 8 2023

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Event date： 15 3 2023 - 17 3 2023

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