記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

Recent studies have demonstrated that mental representations of the hand dorsum are distorted even for healthy participants. Perceptual hand maps estimated by pointing to specific landmarks (e.g., knuckles and tips of fingers) is stretched and shrunk along the medio-lateral and the proximo-distal axes, respectively. Similarly, tactile distance perception between two touches is longer along the medio-lateral axis than the proximo-distal axis. The congruency of the two types of distortions suggests that common perceptual and neural representations may be involved in these processes. Prolonged stimulation by two simultaneous touches having a particular distance can bias subsequent perception of tactile distances (e.g., adaptation to a long distance induces shorter stimuli to be perceived even shorter). This tactile distance adaptation aftereffect has been suggested to occur based on the modulations of perceptual and neural responses at low somatosensory processing stages. The current study investigated whether tactile distance adaptation aftereffects affect also the pattern of distortions on the perceptual hand maps. Participants localized locations on the hand dorsum cued by tactile stimulations (Experiment 1) or visually presented landmarks on a hand silhouette (Experiment 2). Each trial was preceded by adaptation to either a small (2 cm) or large (4 cm) tactile distance. We found clear tactile distance aftereffects. However, no changes were observed for the distorted pattern of the perceptual hand maps following adaptation to a tactile distance. Our results showed that internal body representations involved in perceptual distortions may be distinct between tactile distance perception and the perceptual hand maps underlying position sense.

DOI： 10.1016/j.actpsy.2020.103090

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：{SAGE} Publications  

DOI： 10.1177/0301006620907827

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DOI： 10.1038/s41598-018-35302-w

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.1177/0301006618805335

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DOI： 10.1038/s41598-018-31601-4

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：Brill Academic Publishers  

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by deficits in social communication and interaction, and restricted interests and behavior patterns. These characteristics are considered as a continuous distribution in the general population. People with ASD show atypical temporal processing in multisensory integration. Regarding the flash-beep illusion, which refers to how a single flash can be illusorily perceived as multiple flashes when multiple auditory beeps are concurrently presented, some studies reported that people with ASD have a wider temporal binding window and greater integration than typically developed people
others found the opposite or inconsistent tendencies. Here, we investigated the relationships between the manner of the flash-beep illusion and the various dimensions of ASD traits by estimating the degree of typically developed participants' ASD traits including five subscales using the Autism-Spectrum Quotient. We found that stronger ASD traits of communication and social skill were associated with a wider and narrower temporal binding window respectively. These results suggest that specific ASD traits are differently involved in the particular temporal binding processes of audiovisual integration.

DOI： 10.1163/22134808-00002612

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DOI： 10.1163/22134808-20181304

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

Studies of crossmodal interactions in motion perception have reported activation in several brain areas, including those related to motion processing and/or sensory association, in response to multimodal (e.g., visual and auditory) stimuli that were both in motion. Recent studies have demonstrated that sounds can trigger illusory visual apparent motion to static visual stimuli (sound-induced visual motion: SIVM): A visual stimulus blinking at a fixed location is perceived to be moving laterally when an alternating left-right sound is also present. Here, we investigated brain activity related to the perception of SIVM using a 7 T functional magnetic resonance imaging technique. Specifically, we focused on the patterns of neural activities in SIVM and visually induced visual apparent motion (VIVM). We observed shared activations in the middle occipital area (V5/hMT), which is thought to be involved in visual motion processing, for SIVM and VIVM. Moreover, as compared to VIVM, SIVM resulted in greater activation in the superior temporal area and dominant functional connectivity between the V5/hMT area and the areas related to auditory and crossmodal motion processing. These findings indicate that similar but partially different neural mechanisms could be involved in auditory-induced and visually-induced motion perception, and neural signals in auditory, visual, and, crossmodal motion processing areas closely and directly interact in the perception of SIVM.

DOI： 10.1016/j.actpsy.2017.05.013

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP  

Crossmodal studies have demonstrated inhibitory as well as facilitatory neural effects in higher sensory association and primary sensory cortices. A recent human behavioral study reported touch-induced visual perceptual suppression (TIVS). Here, we introduced an experimental setting in which TIVS could occur and investigated brain activities underlying visuo-tactile interactions using a functional magnetic resonance imaging technique. While the suppressive effect of touch on vision was only found for half of the participants who could maintain their baseline performance above chance level (i.e. TIVS was not well replicated here), we focused on individual differences in the effect of touch on vision. This effect could be suppressive or enhancement, and the neuronal basis of these differences was analyzed. We found larger inhibitory responses in the anterior part of the right visual cortex (V1, V2) with higher TIVS magnitude when visuo-tactile stimuli were presented as spatially congruent. Activations in the right anterior superior temporal region, including the secondary somatosensory cortical area, were more strongly related to those in the visual cortex (V1, V2) with higher TIVS magnitude. These results indicate that inhibitory neural modulations from somatosensory to visual cortices and the resulting inhibitory neural responses in the visual cortex could be involved in TIVS.

DOI： 10.1038/srep37301

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：WILEY-BLACKWELL  

Only a few Japanese psychologists have been interested in the history of psychology. The historiography-or the methodology of historical description-for the history of psychology has been ignored. Moreover, chairs for professors, academic journals, academic meetings, and an archive of the history of psychology remain to be established. In this paper, the history of the "history of psychology" in Japan is explored. This academic sub-discipline has emerged only during the past few decades and a theory driven historiography covering the history of psychology was initiated in Japan only at the end of the 20th century. Activities on the history of Japanese psychology can be divided into three phases: (a) the traditional history (translations and introduction of foreign knowledge and celebration of history); (b) the transition phase (the movement towards social criticism and archival research from intra-discipline); and (c) the history based on the historiography. Lastly, recent trends in the history of psychology in Japan are examined and discussed.

DOI： 10.1111/jpr.12120

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DOI： 10.3389/fnint.2075.00062

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP  

In a single modality, the percept of an input (e.g., voices of neighbors) is often suppressed by another (e.g., the sound of a car horn nearby) due to close interactions of neural responses to these inputs. Recent studies have also suggested that close interactions of neural responses could occur even across sensory modalities, especially for audio-visual interactions. However, direct behavioral evidence regarding the audio-visual perceptual suppression effect has not been reported in a study with humans. Here, we investigated whether sound could have a suppressive effect on visual perception. We found that white noise bursts presented through headphones degraded visual orientation discrimination performance. This auditory suppression effect on visual perception frequently occurred when these inputs were presented in a spatially and temporally consistent manner. These results indicate that the perceptual suppression effect could occur across auditory and visual modalities based on close and direct neural interactions among those sensory inputs.

DOI： 10.1038/srep10483

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：BRILL ACADEMIC PUBLISHERS  

It has been reported that color can affect the judgment of taste. For example, a dark red color enhances the subjective intensity of sweetness. However, the underlying mechanisms of the effect of color on taste have not been fully investigated; in particular, it remains unclear whether the effect is based on cognitive/decisional or perceptual processes. Here, we investigated the effect of color on sweetness judgments using a taste adaptation method. A sweet solution whose color was subjectively congruent with sweetness was judged as sweeter than an uncolored sweet solution both before and after adaptation to an uncolored sweet solution. In contrast, subjective judgment of sweetness for uncolored sweet solutions did not differ between the conditions following adaptation to a colored sweet solution and following adaptation to an uncolored one. Color affected sweetness judgment when the target solution was colored, but the colored sweet solution did not modulate the magnitude of taste adaptation. Therefore, it is concluded that the effect of color on the judgment of taste would occur mainly in cognitive/decisional domains.

DOI： 10.1163/22134808-00002455

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP  

An input (e.g., airplane takeoff sound) to a sensory modality can suppress the percept of another input (e.g., talking voices of neighbors) of the same modality. This perceptual suppression effect is evidence that neural responses to different inputs closely interact with each other in the brain. While recent studies suggest that close interactions also occur across sensory modalities, crossmodal perceptual suppression effect has not yet been reported. Here, we demonstrate that tactile stimulation can suppress the percept of visual stimuli: Visual orientation discrimination performance was degraded when a tactile vibration was applied to the observer's index finger of hands. We also demonstrated that this tactile suppression effect on visual perception occurred primarily when the tactile and visual information were spatially and temporally consistent. The current findings would indicate that neural signals could closely and directly interact with each other, sufficient to induce the perceptual suppression effect, even across sensory modalities.

DOI： 10.1038/srep03453

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER  

The brain tends to associate specific features of stimuli across sensory modalities. The pitch of a sound is for example associated with spatial elevation such that higher-pitched sounds are felt as being "up" in space and lower-pitched sounds as being "down." Here we investigated whether changes in the pitch of sounds could be effective for visual motion perception similar to those in the location of sounds. We demonstrated that only sounds that alternate in up/down location induced illusory vertical motion of a static visual stimulus, while sounds that alternate in higher/lower pitch did not induce this illusion. The pitch of a sound did not even modulate the visual motion perception induced by sounds alternating in up/down location. Interestingly, though, sounds alternating in higher/lower pitch could become a driver for visual motion if they were paired in a previous exposure phase with vertical visual apparent motion. Thus, only after prolonged exposure, the pitch of a sound became an inducer for upper/lower visual motion. This occurred even if during exposure the pitch and location of the sounds were paired in an incongruent fashion. These findings indicate that pitch-space correspondence is not so strong to drive or modulate visual motion perception. However, associative exposure could increase the saliency of pitch-space relationships and then the pitch could induce visual motion perception by itself.

DOI： 10.1007/s00221-013-3674-2

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER HEIDELBERG  

Pattern redundancy is a key concept for representing the amount of internal mental load (encoding efficiency) needed for pattern perception/recognition. The present study investigated how pattern redundancy influences encoding and memory processes in the visual system using a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) paradigm. With RSVP, it is well known that participants often fail to detect repetitions of words (repetition blindness, RB). We used this phenomenon as an index of the encoding and storage of visual patterns. In three experiments, we presented patterns with higher and lower redundancy, as defined by Garner's equivalent set size (ESS). The results showed that RB occurred more frequently for higher redundancy patterns when the temporal distance between the targets was less than 500 ms; this tendency was reversed with longer temporal distances of over 500 ms. Our results suggest that pattern redundancy modulates both the early encoding and subsequent memory processes of a representation.

DOI： 10.1007/s00426-012-0474-4

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER  

Visual motion aftereffects can occur contingent on arbitrary sounds. Two circles, placed side by side, were alternately presented, and the onsets were accompanied by tone bursts of high and low frequencies, respectively. After a few minutes of exposure to the visual apparent motion with the tones, a circle blinking at a fixed location was perceived as a lateral motion in the same direction as the previously exposed apparent motion (Teramoto et al. in PLoS One 5:e12255, 2010). In the present study, we attempted to reverse this contingency (pitch aftereffects contingent on visual information). Results showed that after prolonged exposure to the audio-visual stimuli, the apparent visual motion systematically affected the perceived pitch of the auditory stimuli. When the leftward apparent visual motion was paired with the high-low-frequency sequence during the adaptation phase, a test tone sequence was more frequently perceived as a high-low-pitch sequence when the leftward apparent visual motion was presented and vice versa. Furthermore, the effect was specific for the exposed visual field and did not transfer to the other side, thus ruling out an explanation in terms of simple response bias. These results suggest that new audiovisual associations can be established within a short time, and visual information processing and auditory processing can mutually influence each other.

DOI： 10.1007/s00221-013-3596-z

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER  

Perceptual systems can distinguish among a variety of inputs in the temporal domain, including even different sensory inputs. This process has been investigated mainly by using a temporal task (temporal order judgment: TOJ). For example, studies have reported estimated critical limits (just noticeable difference: JND) of the TOJ between a visual stimulus and a tactile stimulus (visuo-tactile TOJ, e.g., flashes and vibrations) fell within a certain temporal range. Recent studies have also suggested that the visual presentation of a hand image could modulate visuo-tactile integrations in the temporal domain, but these studies did not thoroughly examine such effects by using temporal tasks. Here, we investigated the effect of visual presentation of a hand image on visuo-tactile TOJ. In our experiments, a visual stimulus was presented on the index finger of a hand image and a tactile stimulus was presented on the index finger of a participant's hand. We found that the JND of visuo-tactile TOJ became larger when a forward hand image was presented than when inverted hand or arrow images were presented. However, this effect was not observed for the TOJ between an auditory stimulus and a visual stimulus. Thus, the visual presentation of a hand image whose angle corresponds to that of one's own hand could selectively degrade visuo-tactile TOJ. This finding indicates that visual hand images implicitly enhance the internal proximity between the visual and tactile stimuli and make them difficult to distinguish from each other in the temporal domain.

DOI： 10.1007/s00221-013-3535-z

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DOI： 10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00196

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

We investigated the effects of listeners' head movements and proprioceptive feedback during sound localization practice on the subsequent accuracy of sound localization performance. The effects were examined under both restricted and unrestricted head movement conditions in the practice stage. In both cases, the participants were divided into two groups: a feedback group performed a sound localization drill with accurate proprioceptive feedback
a control group conducted it without the feedback. Results showed that (1) sound localization practice, while allowing for free head movement, led to improvement in sound localization performance and decreased actual angular errors along the horizontal plane, and that (2) proprioceptive feedback during practice decreased actual angular errors in the vertical plane. Our findings suggest that unrestricted head movement and proprioceptive feedback during sound localization training enhance perceptual motor learning by enabling listeners to use variable auditory cues and proprioceptive information. © 2013 Honda et al.

DOI： 10.1068/i0522

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD  

We investigated brain activity in 3-5-year-old preschoolers as they listened to connected speech stimuli in Japanese (first language), English (second language), and Chinese (a rarely exposed, foreign language) using near-infrared spectroscopy. Unlike the younger preschoolers who had been exposed to English for almost 1 year, brain activity in the bilateral frontal regions of the older preschoolers who had been exposed to English for almost 2 years was higher for Japanese and English speech stimuli than for Chinese. This tendency seemed to be similar to that observed in adults who had learned English for some years. These results indicate that exposure to a second language affects brain activity to language stimuli among preschoolers. (c) 2012 Elsevier Ireland Ltd and the Japan Neuroscience Society. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.neures.2012.02.004

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE  

Background: One possible strategy to evaluate whether signals in different modalities originate from a common external event or object is to form associations between inputs from different senses. This strategy would be quite effective because signals in different modalities from a common external event would then be aligned spatially and temporally. Indeed, it has been demonstrated that after adaptation to visual apparent motion paired with alternating auditory tones, the tones begin to trigger illusory motion perception to a static visual stimulus, where the perceived direction of visual lateral motion depends on the order in which the tones are replayed. The mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain unclear. One important approach to understanding the mechanisms is to examine whether the effect has some selectivity in auditory processing. However, it has not yet been determined whether this aftereffect can be transferred across sound frequencies and between ears.
Methodology/Principal Findings: Two circles placed side by side were presented in alternation, producing apparent motion perception, and each onset was accompanied by a tone burst of a specific and unique frequency. After exposure to this visual apparent motion with tones for a few minutes, the tones became drivers for illusory motion perception. However, the aftereffect was observed only when the adapter and test tones were presented at the same frequency and to the same ear.
Conclusions/Significance: These findings suggest that the auditory processing underlying the establishment of novel audiovisual associations is selective, potentially but not necessarily indicating that this processing occurs at an early stage.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0036803

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP  

On cross-modal interactions, top-down controls such as attention and explicit identification of cross-modal inputs were assumed to play crucial roles for the optimization. Here we show the establishment of cross-modal associations without such top-down controls. The onsets of two circles producing apparent motion perception were accompanied by indiscriminable sounds consisting of six identical and one unique sound frequencies. After adaptation to the visual apparent motion with the sounds, the sounds acquired a driving effect for illusory visual apparent motion perception. Moreover, the pure tones with each unique frequency of the sounds acquired the same effect after the adaptation, indicating that the difference in the indiscriminable sounds was implicitly coded. We further confrimed that the aftereffect didnot transfer between eyes. These results suggest that the brain establishes new neural representations between sound frequency and visual motion without clear identification of the specific relationship between cross-modal stimuli in early perceptual processing stages.

DOI： 10.1038/srep00365

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  

Detection performance is impaired for a visual target presented in an apparent motion (AM) trajectory, and this AM interference weakens when orientation information is inconsistent between the target and AM stimuli. These indicate that the target is perceptually suppressed by internal object representations of AM stimuli established along the AM trajectory. Here, we showed that transient sounds presented together with AM stimuli could enhance the magnitude of AM interference. Furthermore, this auditory effect attenuated when frequencies of the sounds were inconsistent during AM. We also confirmed that the sounds wholly elevated the magnitude of AM interference irrespective of the inconsistency in orientation information between the target and AM stimuli when the saliency of the sounds was maintained. These results suggest that sounds can contribute to the robust establishment and spatiotemporal maintenance of the internal object representation of an AM stimulus. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.visres.2012.02.008

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC  

Auditory temporal or semantic information often modulates visual motion events. However, the effects of auditory spatial information on visual motion perception were reported to be absent or of smaller size at perceptual level. This could be caused by a superiority of vision over hearing in reliability of motion information. Here, we manipulated the retinal eccentricity of visual motion and challenged the previous findings. Visual apparent motion stimuli were presented in conjunction with a sound delivered alternately from two horizontally or vertically aligned loudspeakers; the direction of visual apparent motion was always perpendicular to the direction in which the sound alternated. We found that the perceived direction of visual motion could be consistent with the direction in which the sound alternated or lay between this direction and that of actual visual motion. The deviation of the perceived direction of motion from the actual direction was more likely to occur at larger retinal eccentricities. These findings suggest that the auditory and visual modalities can mutually influence one another in motion processing so that the brain obtains the best estimates of external events.

DOI： 10.1167/12.3.11

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：BIOMED CENTRAL LTD  

Background: After a prolonged exposure to a paired presentation of different types of signals (e. g., color and motion), one of the signals (color) becomes a driver for the other signal (motion). This phenomenon, which is known as contingent motion aftereffect, indicates that the brain can establish new neural representations even in the adult's brain. However, contingent motion aftereffect has been reported only in visual or auditory domain. Here, we demonstrate that a visual motion aftereffect can be contingent on a specific sound.
Results: Dynamic random dots moving in an alternating right or left direction were presented to the participants. Each direction of motion was accompanied by an auditory tone of a unique and specific frequency. After a 3-minutes exposure, the tones began to exert marked influence on the visual motion perception, and the percentage of dots required to trigger motion perception systematically changed depending on the tones. Furthermore, this effect lasted for at least 2 days.
Conclusions: These results indicate that a new neural representation can be rapidly established between auditory and visual modalities.

DOI： 10.1186/1471-2202-12-44

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE  

Background: Vision provides the most salient information with regard to the stimulus motion. However, it has recently been demonstrated that static visual stimuli are perceived as moving laterally by alternating left-right sound sources. The underlying mechanism of this phenomenon remains unclear; it has not yet been determined whether auditory motion signals, rather than auditory positional signals, can directly contribute to visual motion perception.
Methodology/Principal Findings: Static visual flashes were presented at retinal locations outside the fovea together with a lateral auditory motion provided by a virtual stereo noise source smoothly shifting in the horizontal plane. The flash appeared to move by means of the auditory motion when the spatiotemporal position of the flashes was in the middle of the auditory motion trajectory. Furthermore, the lateral auditory motion altered visual motion perception in a global motion display where different localized motion signals of multiple visual stimuli were combined to produce a coherent visual motion perception.
Conclusions/Significance: These findings suggest there exist direct interactions between auditory and visual motion signals, and that there might be common neural substrates for auditory and visual motion processing.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0017499

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC  

Letter discrimination performance is degraded when a letter is presented within an apparent motion (AM) trajectory of a spot. This finding suggests that the internal representation of AM stimuli can perceptually interact with other stimuli. In this study, we demonstrated that AM interference could also occur for pattern detection. We found that target (Gabor patch) detection performance was degraded within an AM trajectory. Further, this AM interference weakened when the differences in orientation between the AM stimuli and target became greater. We also revealed that AM interference occurred for the target with spatiotemporally intermediate orientations of the inducers that changed their orientation during AM. In contrast, the differences in phase among the stimuli did not affect the occurrence of AM interference. These findings suggest that AM stimuli and their internal representations affect lower visual processes involved in detecting a pattern in the AM trajectory and that the internal object representation of an AM stimulus selectively reflects and maintains the stimulus attribute.

DOI： 10.1167/11.10.2

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER  

In representational momentum (RM), the final position of a moving target is mislocalized in the direction of motion. Here, the effect of a concurrent sound on visual RM was demonstrated. A visual stimulus moved horizontally and disappeared at unpredictable positions. A complex tone without any motion cues was presented continuously from the beginning of the visual motion. As compared with a silent condition, the RM magnitude increased when the sound lasted longer than and decreased when it did not last as long as the visual motion. However, the RM was unchanged when a brief complex tone was presented before or after the target disappeared (Experiment 2) or when the onset of the long-lasting sound was not synchronized with that of the visual motion (Experiments 3 and 4). These findings suggest that visual motion representation can be modulated by a sound if the visual motion information is firmly associated with the auditory information.

DOI： 10.3738/APP.72.8.2215

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：SPRINGER  

In representational momentum (RM), the final position of a moving target is mislocalized in the direction of motion. Here, the effect of a concurrent sound on visual RM was demonstrated. A visual stimulus moved horizontally and disappeared at unpredictable positions. A complex tone without any motion cues was presented continuously from the beginning of the visual motion. As compared with a silent condition, the RM magnitude increased when the sound lasted longer than and decreased when it did not last as long as the visual motion. However, the RM was unchanged when a brief complex tone was presented before or after the target disappeared (Experiment 2) or when the onset of the long-lasting sound was not synchronized with that of the visual motion (Experiments 3 and 4). These findings suggest that visual motion representation can be modulated by a sound if the visual motion information is firmly associated with the auditory information.

DOI： 10.3738/APP.72.8.2215

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記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.18974/tvrsj.15.3_483

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD  

An abrupt change in a visual attribute (size) of apparently moving visual stimuli extends the time the changed stimuli is visible even after its physical termination (visible persistence). In this study, we show that elongation of visible persistence is enhanced by an abrupt change in an attribute (frequency) of the sounds presented along with the size-changed apparently moving visual stimuli. This auditory effect disappears when sounds are not associated with the visual stimuli. These results suggest that auditory attribute change can contribute to the establishment of a new object representation and that object-level audio-visual interactions can occur in motion perception. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.visres.2010.07.021

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE  

Background: Vision provides the most salient information with regard to stimulus motion, but audition can also provide important cues that affect visual motion perception. Here, we show that sounds containing no motion or positional cues can induce illusory visual motion perception for static visual objects.
Methodology/Principal Findings: Two circles placed side by side were presented in alternation producing apparent motion perception and each onset was accompanied by a tone burst of a specific and unique frequency. After exposure to this visual apparent motion with tones for a few minutes, the tones became drivers for illusory motion perception. When the flash onset was synchronized to tones of alternating frequencies, a circle blinking at a fixed location was perceived as lateral motion in the same direction as the previously exposed apparent motion. Furthermore, the effect lasted at least for a few days. The effect was well observed at the retinal position that was previously exposed to apparent motion with tone bursts.
Conclusions/Significance: The present results indicate that strong association between sound sequence and visual motion is easily formed within a short period and that, after forming the association, sounds are able to trigger visual motion perception for a static visual object.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0012255

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD  

The alternation of sounds in the left and right ears induces motion perception of a static visual stimulus (SIVM: Sound-Induced Visual Motion). In this case, binaural cues were of considerable benefit in perceiving locations and movements of the sounds. The present study investigated how a spectral cue - another important cue for sound localization and motion perception - contributed to the SIVM. In experiments, two alternating sound sources aligned in the vertical plane were presented, synchronized with a static visual stimulus. We found that the proportion of the SIVM and the magnitude of the perceived movements of the static visual stimulus increased with an increase of retinal eccentricity (1.875-30 degrees), indicating the influence of the spectral cue on the SIVM. These findings suggest that the SIVM can be generalized to the whole two dimensional audio-visual space, and strongly imply that there are common neural substrates for auditory and visual motion perception in the brain. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.

DOI： 10.1016/j.neulet.2010.05.065

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記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

DOI： 10.18974/tvrsj.15.1_7

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE  

Background: Audition provides important cues with regard to stimulus motion although vision may provide the most salient information. It has been reported that a sound of fixed intensity tends to be judged as decreasing in intensity after adaptation to looming visual stimuli or as increasing in intensity after adaptation to receding visual stimuli. This audiovisual interaction in motion aftereffects indicates that there are multimodal contributions to motion perception at early levels of sensory processing. However, there has been no report that sounds can induce the perception of visual motion.
Methodology/Principal Findings: A visual stimulus blinking at a fixed location was perceived to be moving laterally when the flash onset was synchronized to an alternating left-right sound source. This illusory visual motion was strengthened with an increasing retinal eccentricity (2.5 deg to 20 deg) and occurred more frequently when the onsets of the audio and visual stimuli were synchronized.
Conclusions/Significance: We clearly demonstrated that the alternation of sound location induces illusory visual motion when vision cannot provide accurate spatial information. The present findings strongly suggest that the neural representations of auditory and visual motion processing can bias each other, which yields the best estimates of external events in a complementary manner.

DOI： 10.1371/journal.pone.0008188

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：PSYCHONOMIC SOC INC  

In the present research, we investigated the depth information contained in the representations of apparently moving 3-D objects. By conducting three experiments, we measured the magnitude of representational momentum (RM) as an index of the consistency of an object's representation. Experiment 1A revealed that RM magnitude was greater when shaded, convex, apparently moving objects shifted to a flat circle than when they shifted to a shaded, concave, hemisphere. The difference diminished when the apparently moving objects were concave hemispheres (Experiment 1B). Using luminance-polarized circles, Experiment 2 confirmed that these results were not due to the luminance information of shading. Experiment 3 demonstrated that RM magnitude was greater when convex apparently moving objects shifted to particular blurred convex hemispheres with low-pass filtering than when they shifted to concave hemispheres. These results suggest that the internal object's representation in apparent motion contains incomplete depth information intermediate between that of 2-D and 3-D objects, particularly with regard to convexity information with low-spatial-frequency components.

DOI： 10.3758/APP.71.6.1294

PubMed

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記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：ASSOC RESEARCH VISION OPHTHALMOLOGY INC  

Thus far, it has been pointed out that motion representation is completed in motion trajectory, and that motion representation interferes with a single physical input at a specific time and space in the motion trajectory. However, it has not been fully investigated whether the internal motion representation could interact with multiple physical inputs across time and space in motion trajectory. Thus, the current research investigated whether spatiotemporally coherent motion perception could be established in a situation involving the spatiotemporal reversal of motion sequences. In a five-point motion display, we found that the motion direction perception of the last two stimuli containing the spatiotemporal reversal was consistent with three preceding stimuli. This failure to perceive motion direction reversal occurred when the shapes of motion trajectory (to upper or lower) were randomly changed. Moreover, we con formed that one preceding stimulus (three-point motion) was sufficient to produce the failure to perceive motion direction reversal, and the effect of the prior stimuli saturated when the preceding sequence contained two or more stimuli. These findings suggest that the flexible internal motion representation mechanisms reorganize the spatiotemporal irregularities in motion trajectory and establish spatiotemporally coherent motion perceptions.

DOI： 10.1167/9.13.6

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：PION LTD  

Apparent motion is perceived when two objects are presented alternately at different positions. The internal representations of apparently moving objects are formed in an apparent-motion path which lacks physical inputs. We investigated the depth information contained in the representation of 3-D moving objects in an apparent-motion path. We examined how probe objects-briefly placed in the motion path-affected the perceived smoothness of apparent motion. The probe objects comprised 3-D objects which were defined by being shaded or by disparity (convex/concave) or 2-D (flat) objects, while the moving objects were convex/concave objects. We found that flat probe objects induced a significantly smoother motion perception than concave probe objects only in the case of the convex moving objects. However, convex probe objects did not lead to smoother motion as the flat objects did, although the convex probe objects contained the same depth information for the moving objects. Moreover, the difference between probe objects was reduced when the moving objects were concave. These counterintuitive results were consistent in conditions when both depth cues were used. The results suggest that internal representations contain incomplete depth information that is intermediate between that of 2-D and 3-D objects.

DOI： 10.1068/p5766

PubMed

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究論文（学術雑誌）  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究発表ペーパー・要旨（国際会議）   出版者・発行元：PION LTD  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究発表ペーパー・要旨（国際会議）   出版者・発行元：PION LTD  

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記述言語：日本語   掲載種別：記事・総説・解説・論説等（学術雑誌）   出版者・発行元：心理学評論刊行会  

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究発表ペーパー・要旨（国際会議）   出版者・発行元：PION LTD  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：一般社団法人電子情報通信学会  

本研究は,正確な音源定位行動の学習において,聴取者の頭部運動ならびに音源定位行動へのフィードバックがどのような効果をもつのかについて検証した.研究1においては,頭部運動固定状況下におけるフィードバックの効果が検証された.研究2においては,頭部運動自由状況下におけるフィードバックの効果が検証された,その結果,(1)正確な音源定位行動の学習には能動的な頭部運動の学習が寄与していること,(2)フィードバックは聴取者の初期の音源定位行動学習を促進すること,(3)仰角方向の誤定位率を低下させることが示唆された.

CiNii Article

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記述言語：日本語  

J-GLOBAL

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記述言語：英語   掲載種別：研究発表ペーパー・要旨（国際会議）   出版者・発行元：PION LTD  

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本認知心理学会  

本研究では，運動中に維持される物体形状を反映する表象的慣性 (representational momentum: RM) を指標とし，仮現運動物体表象が保持する奥行情報について検討した．陰影を奥行手がかりとして用いた実験1では，凸の運動物体が平らな図形へと変化する条件で，凹図形へと変化する条件よりもRM量が有意に多くなった（実験1A）．一方，運動物体が凹図形の場合，RM量に差は見られなかった（実験1B）．これらの結果は，2値化図形を用いて陰影の明るさ手がかりの効果を検証した実験2では再現されなかった．実験3では，凸の運動物体が低空間周波数フィルタによって不鮮明化された凸図形へと変化する条件で，凹図形へと変化する条件よりもRM量が有意に多くなった．本研究は，仮現運動物体表象は特に凸に関して不完全あるいは2次元と3次元との間の奥行情報を保持する，低空間周波数情報優位の物体表現であることを示唆する．

DOI： 10.14875/cogpsy.2007.0.111.0

CiNii Article

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本基礎心理学会  

DOI： 10.14947/psychono.KJ00004347224

CiNii Article

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記述言語：日本語   出版者・発行元：日本基礎心理学会  

DOI： 10.14947/psychono.KJ00004450532

CiNii Article

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記述言語：日本語  

J-GLOBAL

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