2024/10/03 更新

写真b

オン ブン
温 文
WEN Wen
*大学が定期的に情報更新している項目(その他は、researchmapの登録情報を転載)
所属*
現代心理学部 心理学科
現代心理学研究科 心理学専攻 博士課程後期課程
現代心理学研究科 心理学専攻 博士課程前期課程
職名*
准教授
学位
博士 ( 東京大学人文社会系研究科 )
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研究テーマ*
  • 人間の行動と身体に関する知覚と認知の研究を行っている。具体的に、実験心理学と計算論的の手法を用いて、人の身体意識、行動制御、意思決定のメカニズムと神経基盤を検討し、モデル化研究を行っている。また、心理学の基礎研究での発見に基づいて、運動リハビリ課題の提案や、ユーザの主体感をなくさないヒューマン・マシン・インタラクションのデザインに関する研究も行っている。

  • 研究キーワード
  • 人間工学

  • ヒューマン・マシン・インタラクション

  • 身体意識

  • 認知神経科学

  • 身体性科学

  • 学内職務経歴*
    • 2023年4月 - 現在 
      現代心理学部   心理学科   准教授
    • 2023年4月 - 現在 
      現代心理学研究科   心理学専攻 博士課程前期課程   准教授
    • 2023年4月 - 現在 
      現代心理学研究科   心理学専攻 博士課程後期課程   准教授
     

    研究分野

    • ライフサイエンス / 認知脳科学

    • 人文・社会 / 認知科学

    • 人文・社会 / 実験心理学

    経歴

    • 2023年4月 - 現在 
      立教大学   現代心理学部 心理学科   准教授

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      国名:日本国

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    • 2021年11月 - 2023年3月 
      東京大学大学院   人工物工学研究センター   特任准教授

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      国名:日本国

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    • 2018年8月 - 2021年10月 
      東京大学   大学院工学系研究科精密工学専攻   特任准教授

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    • 2017年4月 - 2018年7月 
      日本学術振興会   特別研究員(RPD)

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    • 2016年9月 - 2018年7月 
      University College London   Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience   Research Associate

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    • 2014年4月 - 2016年8月 
      東京大学   工学系研究科   特任研究員

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    • 2012年8月 - 2014年3月 
      慶応大学   先導研究センター   研究員

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    • 2012年4月 - 2012年9月 
      東京大学   人文社会系研究科心理学研究室   教務補佐員

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    学歴

    • 2008年4月 - 2012年3月 
      東京大学   人文社会系研究科   心理学専攻 博士課程

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      国名: 日本国

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    • 2006年4月 - 2008年3月 
      東京大学   大学院人文社会系研究科   心理学専攻 修士課程

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      国名: 日本国

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    委員歴

    • 2022年11月 - 現在 
      日本心理学会   国際委員

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      団体区分:学協会

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    • 2022年5月 - 現在 
      日本基礎心理学会   若手特別委員会

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      団体区分:学協会

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    • 2016年9月 - 現在 
      The 4th International Conference on Serviceology   Media Chair

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      団体区分:学協会

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    • 2016年9月 - 現在 
      The 4th International Conference on Serviceology   Media Chair

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      団体区分:学協会

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    • 2016年5月 - 現在 
      1st International Symposium on Embodied Brain Systems Science   Secretariat

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      団体区分:学協会

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    • 2016年5月 - 現在 
      1st International Symposium on Embodied Brain Systems Science   Secretariat

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      団体区分:学協会

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    • 2015年12月 - 現在 
      International Conference on Advanced Mechatronics   Program Committee

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      団体区分:学協会

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    • 2015年10月 - 2015年12月 
      International Conference on Advanced Mechatronics   Program Committee

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      団体区分:学協会

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    受賞

    • 2022年9月  
      日本心理学会  第17回国際賞奨励賞 

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    • 2021年8月  
      公益財団法人里見奨学会  里見賞(研究提案表彰) 

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    • 2014年12月  
      日本基礎心理学会  第33回大会優秀発表賞 
       
      温 文

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    • 2012年1月  
      東京大学生産技術研究所  第9回東京大学学生発明コンテストアイデア賞 
       
      温 文

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    • 2010年5月  
      人間・環境学会  第17回大会優秀発表賞 
       
      温 文, 石川 徹, 佐藤 隆夫

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    論文

    • Hierarchical analysis of the sense of agency in schizophrenia: motor control, control detection, and self-attribution

      Hiroki Oi, Wen Wen, Acer Yu-Chan Chang, Hiroyuki Uchida, Takaki Maeda

      Schizophrenia   2024年9月29日

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      掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

      DOI: 10.1038/s41537-024-00512-x

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    • Control over self and others' face: exploitation and exploration. 国際誌

      Wen Wen, Jie Mei, Hakan Aktas, Acer Yu-Chan Chang, Yosuke Suzuishi, Shunichi Kasahara

      Scientific reports14 ( 1 ) 15473 - 15473   2024年7月5日

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

      The face serves as a crucial cue for self-identification, while the sense of agency plays a significant role in determining our influence through actions in the environment. The current study investigates how self-identification through facial recognition may influence the perception of control via motion. We propose that self-identification might engender a belief in having control over one's own face, leading to a more acute detection and greater emphasis on discrepancies between their actions and the sensory feedback in control judgments. We refer to the condition governed by the belief in having control as the exploitation mode. Conversely, when manipulating another individual's face, the belief in personal control is absent. In such cases, individuals are likely to rely on the regularity between actions and sensory input for control judgments, exhibiting behaviors that are exploratory in nature to glean such information. This condition is termed the explorative mode. The study utilized a face-motion mixing paradigm, employing a deep generative model to enable participants to interact with either their own or another person's face through facial and head movements. During the experiment, participants observed either their own face or someone else's face (self-face vs. other-face) on the screen. The motion of the face was driven either purely by their own facial and head motion or by an average of the participant's and the experimenter's motion (full control vs. partial control). The results showed that participants reported a higher sense of agency over the other-face than the self-face, while their self-identification rating was significantly higher for the self-face. More importantly, controlling someone else's face resulted in more movement diversity than controlling one's own face. These findings support our exploration-exploitation theory: When participants had a strong belief in control triggered by the self-face, they became highly sensitive to any sensorimotor prediction errors, leading to a lower sense of agency. In contrast, when the belief of control was absent, the exploration mode triggered more explorative behaviors, allowing participants to efficiently gather information to establish a sense of agency.

      DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66316-2

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    • The sensitivity and criterion of sense of agency. 国際誌

      Wen Wen, Acer Yu-Chan Chang, Hiroshi Imamizu

      Trends in cognitive sciences   2024年3月20日

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

      The sense of agency, which refers to the subjective feeling of control, is an essential aspect of self-consciousness. We argue that distinguishing between the sensitivity and criterion of this feeling is important for discussing individual differences in the sense of agency and its connections with other cognitive functions.

      DOI: 10.1016/j.tics.2024.03.002

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    • Metacognition and sense of agency. 国際誌

      Wen Wen, Lucie Charles, Patrick Haggard

      Cognition241   105622 - 105622   2023年12月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

      Intelligent agents need to understand how they can change the world, and how they cannot change it, in order to make rational decisions for their forthcoming actions, and to adapt to their current environment. Previous research on the sense of agency, based largely on subjective ratings, failed to dissociate the sensitivity of sense of agency (i.e., the extent to which individual sense of agency tracks actual instrumental control over external events) from judgment criteria (i.e., the extent to which individuals self-attribute agency independent of their actual influence over external events). Furthermore, few studies have examined whether individuals have metacognitive access to the internal processes underlying the sense of agency. We developed a novel two-alternative-forced choice (2FAC) control detection task, in which participants identified which of two visual objects was more strongly controlled by their voluntary movement. The actual level of control over the target object was manipulated by adjusting the proportion of its motion that was driven by the participant's movement, compared to the proportion driven by a pre-recorded movement by another agent, using a staircase to hold 2AFC control detection accuracy at 70%. Participants identified which of the two visual objects they controlled, and also made a binary confidence judgment regarding their control detection judgment. We calculated a bias-free measure of first-order sensitivity (d') for detection control at any given level of participant's own movement. The proportion of pre-recorded movements determined by the stairecase could then be used as an index of control detection ability. We identified two distinct processes underlying first-order detection of control: one based on instantaneous sensory predictions for the current movement, and one based on detection of a regular motor-visual relation across a series of movements. Further, we found large individual differences across 40 particpants in metacognitive sensitivity (meta-d') even though first-order sensitivity of control detection was well controlled. Using structural equation modelling (SEM), we showed that metacognition was negatively correlated with the predictive process component of detection of control. This result is inconsistent with previous hypotheses that detection of control relies on metacognitive monitoring of a predictive circuit. Instead, it suggests that predictive mechanisms that compute sense of agency may operate unconsciously.

      DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2023.105622

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    • Action-outcome Regularity Perceptual Sensitivity in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder. 国際誌

      Satoshi Nobusako, Wen Wen, Michihiro Osumi, Akio Nakai, Shu Morioka

      Journal of autism and developmental disorders   2023年10月9日

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

      PURPOSE: An internal model deficit is considered to underlie developmental coordination disorder (DCD); thus, children with DCD have an altered sense of agency (SoA), which is associated with depressive symptoms. Furthermore, the perception of action-outcome regularity is present in early development, is involved in the generation of SoA, and has roles in adaptive motor learning and coordinated motor skills. However, perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity has not been examined in children with DCD. METHODS: We investigated perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity in 6-15-year-old children with DCD and age- and sex-matched typically developing (TD) children. Both groups were assessed for coordinated motor skills with the Movement Assessment Battery for Children-2nd Edition, while the DCD group was assessed with the DCD Questionnaire, Social Communication Questionnaire, Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder-Rating Scale, and Depression Self- Rating Scale for Children. RESULTS: Perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity was significantly reduced in children with DCD. However, there was a significant correlation between perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity and age in DCD and TD children. Perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity was significantly lower in younger children with DCD than in younger and older TD children, but there were no significant differences between older children with DCD and younger and older TD children. CONCLUSION: The current results suggest that children with DCD have significantly reduced perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity at younger ages, which may alter SoA and inhibit internal model development, thereby reducing motor skill coordination.

      DOI: 10.1007/s10803-023-06144-x

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    • Characteristics of EEG power spectra involved in the proficiency of motor learning

      Hiroyuki Hamada, Wen Wen, Tsubasa Kawasaki, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama

      Frontiers in Neuroscience17   2023年7月10日

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      掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:Frontiers Media SA  

      Neuromodulation techniques for modulating brain activity can affect performance in a variety of behaviors. Techniques including transcranial alternating current stimulation and random noise stimulation can modulate neural oscillations. However, the intervention effect of neuromodulation approaches on motor learning is poor, partly because the electroencephalography (EEG) power spectra associated with the motor learning process has not yet been fully elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the characteristics of EEG power spectra in the process of motor learning in 15 right-handed healthy participants (5 females; mean age = 22.8 ± 3.0 years). The motor task was a ball-rotation task in which participants rotated two balls in the palm of their left hand. Participants performed a pre-test, the motor learning tasks, and a post-test. In the motor learning tasks, twenty 60 s trials were performed in the clockwise (CW) direction. Before and after the motor learning tasks, CW and counterclockwise (CCW; control condition) tasks were performed for 60 s each as pre- and post-tests. Therefore, CW direction was set as a motor learning task, while CCW was a test-only control task. EEG was recorded during the tests and tasks, and the power spectra in the alpha, beta, and gamma oscillations were calculated and compared between pre- and post-tests. The results showed that in the CW post-test, the power of the gamma band in the left parietal areas and the right frontal area was significantly higher than in the pre-test. In the CCW, there was no significant difference in each band at each area between the pre- and post-tests. Our findings reveal the characteristics of the EEG spectra related to the motor learning process. These results may help to establish more effective neuromodulation approaches to modifying neural oscillations in motor learning, including in rehabilitation fields.

      DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1094658

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    • 発達性協調運動障害を有する児における行為-結果の規則性の知覚感度

      信迫 悟志, 温 文, 中井 昭夫, 森岡 周

      小児理学療法学1 ( Supplement_2 ) 39 - 39   2023年3月31日

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      記述言語:日本語   出版者・発行元:一般社団法人 日本小児理学療法学会  

      DOI: 10.60187/jjppt.1.supplement_2_39

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    • Adaptability of the Sense of Agency in Healthy Young Adults in Sensorimotor Tasks for a Short Term. 国際誌

      Mizuho Mishima, Kazuki Hayashida, Yoshiki Fukasaku, Rento Ogata, Kazuki Ohsawa, Ken Iwai, Wen Wen, Shu Morioka

      Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)13 ( 2 )   2023年2月5日

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

      Sense of agency (SoA) refers to the subjective feeling of controlling one's own actions and sensory feedback. The SoA occurs when the predicted feedback matches the actual sensory feedback and is responsible for maintaining behavioral comfort. However, sensorimotor deficits because of illness cause incongruence between prediction and feedback, so the patient loses comfort during actions. Discomfort with actions associated with incongruence may continue robustly (i.e., "not" adaptable) throughout life because of the aftereffects of the disease. However, it is unclear how the SoA modulates when incongruency is experienced, even for a short term. The purpose of this study was to investigate the adaptability of the SoA in healthy participants in sensorimotor tasks for a short term. Participants were divided into congruent and incongruent exposure groups. The experimental task of manipulating the ratio of the self-control of a PC cursor was used to measure the SoA before and after exposure to congruent or incongruent stimuli. The results showed no significant differences between the groups before and after exposure for a short term. The finding that the SoA was not adaptable may assist in guiding the direction of future studies on how to correct incongruence.

      DOI: 10.3390/bs13020132

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    • Developmental changes in action-outcome regularity perceptual sensitivity and its relationship to hand motor function in 5-16-year-old children. 国際誌

      Satoshi Nobusako, Wen Wen, Yusuke Nagakura, Mitsuyo Tatsumi, Shin Kataoka, Taeko Tsujimoto, Ayami Sakai, Teruyuki Yokomoto, Emiko Takata, Emi Furukawa, Daiki Asano, Michihiro Osumi, Akio Nakai, Shu Morioka

      Scientific reports12 ( 1 ) 17606 - 17606   2022年10月20日

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

      Along with the comparator model, the perception of action-outcome regularity is involved in the generation of sense of agency. In addition, the perception of action-outcome regularity is related to motor performance. However, no studies have examined the developmental changes in the perception of action-outcome regularity. The current study measured perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity and manual dexterity in 200 children aged between 5 and 16 years. The results showed that perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity was significantly lower in 5-6-year-old children than in 9-16-year-old children, and that it was significantly lower in children with low manual dexterity than in children with medium to high manual dexterity. Correlation analyses revealed significant correlations of age and perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity, but no significant correlation of manual dexterity and perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity, either overall or in any age band. The present study suggests that perceptual sensitivity to action-outcome regularity is immature at 5-6 years of age and that it may be impaired in 5-16-year-old children with poor manual dexterity.

      DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21827-8

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    • The sense of agency in perception, behaviour and human–machine interactions

      Wen Wen, Hiroshi Imamizu

      Nature Reviews Psychology   2022年2月24日

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      掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

      DOI: 10.1038/s44159-022-00030-6

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      その他リンク: https://www.nature.com/articles/s44159-022-00030-6

    • The over-estimation of distance for self-voice versus other-voice. 国際誌

      Wen Wen, Yuta Okon, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama

      Scientific reports12 ( 1 ) 420 - 420   2022年1月10日

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

      Self-related stimuli are important cues for people to recognize themselves in the external world and hold a special status in our perceptual system. Self-voice plays an important role in daily social communication and is also a frequent input for self-identification. Although many studies have been conducted on the acoustic features of self-voice, no research has ever examined the spatial aspect, although the spatial perception of voice is important for humans. This study proposes a novel perspective for studying self-voice. We investigated people's distance perception of their own voice when the voice was heard from an external position. Participants heard their own voice from one of four speakers located either 90 or 180 cm from their sitting position, either immediately after uttering a short vowel (i.e., active session) or hearing the replay of their own pronunciation (i.e., replay session). They were then asked to indicate which speaker they heard the voice from. Their voices were either pitch-shifted by ± 4 semitones (i.e., other-voice condition) or unaltered (i.e., self-voice condition). The results of spatial judgment showed that self-voice from the closer speakers was misattributed to that from the speakers further away at a significantly higher proportion than other-voice. This phenomenon was also observed when the participants remained silent and heard prerecorded voices. Additional structural equation modeling using participants' schizotypal scores showed that the effect of self-voice on distance perception was significantly associated with the score of delusional thoughts (Peters Delusion Inventory) and distorted body image (Perceptual Aberration Scale) in the active speaking session but not in the replay session. The findings of this study provide important insights for understanding how people process self-related stimuli when there is a small distortion and how this may be linked to the risk of psychosis.

      DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04437-8

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    • Modified sensory feedback enhances the sense of agency during continuous body movements in virtual reality

      Kei Aoyagi, Wen Wen, Qi An, Shunsuke Hamasaki, Hiroshi Yamakawa, Yusuke Tamura, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama

      Scientific Reports11 ( 1 )   2021年12月

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      掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:Springer Science and Business Media LLC  

      <title>Abstract</title>The sense of agency refers to the feeling of control over one’s own actions, and through them, the external events. This study examined the effect of modified visual feedback on the sense of agency over one’s body movements using virtual reality in healthy individuals whose motor control was disturbed. Participants moved a virtual object using their right hand to trace a trajectory (Experiment 1) or a leading target (Experiment 2). Their motor control was disturbed by a delay in visual feedback (Experiment 1) or a 1-kg weight attached to their wrist (Experiment 2). In the offset conditions, the virtual object was presented at the median point between the desired position and the participants’ actual hand position. In both experiments, participants reported improved sense of agency in the offset condition compared to the aligned condition where the visual feedback reflected their actual body movements, despite their motion being less precise in the offset condition. The results show that sense of agency can be enhanced by modifying feedback to motor tasks according to the goal of the task, even when visual feedback is discrepant from the actual body movements. The present study sheds light on the possibility of artificially enhancing body agency to improve voluntary motor control.

      DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-82154-y

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      その他リンク: http://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-021-82154-y

    • Perception and control: individual difference in the sense of agency is associated with learnability in sensorimotor adaptation. 国際誌

      Wen Wen, Hikaru Ishii, Ryu Ohata, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama, Hiroshi Imamizu

      Scientific reports11 ( 1 ) 20542 - 20542   2021年10月15日

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

      Adaptive motor learning refers to the ability to adjust to novel disturbances in the environment as a way of minimizing sensorimotor errors. It is known that such processes show large individual differences and are linked to multiple perceptual and cognitive processes. On the other hand, the sense of agency refers to the subjective feeling of control during voluntary motor control. Is the sense of agency just a by-product of the control outcome, or is it actually important for motor control and learning? To answer this question, this study takes an approach based on individual differences to investigate the relationship between the sense of agency and learnability in sensorimotor adaptation. Specifically, we use an adaptive motor learning task to measure individual differences in the efficiency of motor learning. Regarding the sense of agency, we measure the perceptual sensitivity of detecting an increase or a decrease in control when the actual level of control gradually increases or decreases, respectively. The results of structure equation modelling reveal a significant influence of perceptual sensitivity to increased control on motor learning efficiency. On the other hand, the link between perceptual sensitivity to decreased control and motor learning is nonsignificant. The results show that the sense of agency in detecting increased control is associated with the actual ability of sensorimotor adaptation: people who are more sensitive in detecting their control in the environment can also more quickly adjust their behaviors to novel disturbances to acquire better control, compared to people who have a less sensitive sense of agency. Finally, the results also reveal that the processes of increasing control and decreasing control may be partially independent.

      DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99969-4

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    • Deceleration Assistance Mitigated the Trade-off Between Sense of Agency and Driving Performance. 国際誌

      Wen Wen, Sonmin Yun, Atsushi Yamashita, Brandon D Northcutt, Hajime Asama

      Frontiers in psychology12   643516 - 643516   2021年

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

      Driving assistance technology has gained traction in recent years and is becoming more widely used in vehicles. However, drivers usually experience a reduced sense of agency when driving assistance is active even though automated assistance improves driving performance by reducing human error and ensuring quick reactions. The present study examined whether driving assistance can maintain human sense of agency during early deceleration in the face of collision risk, compared with manual deceleration. In the experimental task, participants decelerate their vehicle in a driving simulator to avoid collision with a vehicle that suddenly cut in front of them and decelerated. In the assisted condition, the system performed deceleration 100 ms after the cut-in. Participants were instructed to decelerate their vehicle and follow the vehicle that cut-in. This design ensured that the deceleration assistance applied a similar control to the vehicle as the drivers intended to, only faster and smoother. Participants rated their sense of agency and their driving performance. The results showed that drivers maintained their sense of agency and improved driving performance under driving assistance. The findings provided insights into designing driving assistance that can maintain drivers' sense of agency while improving future driving performance. It is important to establish a mode of joint-control in which the system shares the intention of human drivers and provides improved execution of control.

      DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.643516

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    • Categorical perception of control. 国際誌

      Wen Wen, Naoto Shimazaki, Ryu Ohata, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama, Hiroshi Imamizu

      eNeuro   2020年9月11日

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

      The self is a distinct entity from the rest of the world, and actions and sensory feedback are our channels of interaction with the external world. This study examined how the sense of control influences people's perception of sensorimotor input under the framework of categorical perception. Twenty human participants (18 males, two females) took part in both experiments. Experiment 1 showed that the sensitivity (d') of detecting a 20% change in control from no change was higher when the changes occurred at the control-category boundary than within each category. Experiment 2 showed that the control categories greatly affected early attention allocation, even when the judgment of control was unnecessary to the task. Taken together, these results showed that our perceptual and cognitive systems are highly sensitive to small changes in control that build up to a determinant change in the control category within a relatively narrow boundary zone between categories, compared to a continuous, gradual physical change in control.Significance Statement Categorical perception is an important cognitive function that connects human low-level perceptual systems with high-level conceptual systems. Categorical perception has been intensively studied with sensory features (e.g., color and faces), but little is known about sensorimotor information, despite its importance for interacting with the external world. This is the first study to show that individuals perceive their control in meaningful categories rather than via linear encoding. The categorical perception of control diminishes sensitivity to differences within control categories, while increasing sensitivity to sensorimotor inputs at the control-category boundaries. The findings broaden our understanding on how human action influences the perception of action consequences, and how humans organize the external world according to the consequences of their actions.

      DOI: 10.1523/ENEURO.0258-20.2020

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    • The Active Sensing of Control Difference. 査読有り 国際誌

      Wen Wen, Hiroshi Shibata, Ryu Ohata, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama, Hiroshi Imamizu

      iScience23 ( 5 ) 101112 - 101112   2020年4月30日

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      記述言語:英語  

      In everyday life, people control objects in the world around them to varying degrees. The processes people actively use to establish their control, while interacting with an environment containing large ambiguity, remain unknown. This study examines how people explore their control over the environment and how they detect small differences in control among objects. In the experimental task, participants moved three dots on a screen and identified one dot over which the level of control is different from that of the other two. The results support a two-step behavior mechanism underlying the sensing of control difference: People first explore their overall control in the environment, and then the results of the initial exploration are used to selectively tune the direction (i.e., either more or less) of the detected control difference, ensuring efficient and rapid detection of the type of control difference that is potentially important for further action selections.

      DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2020.101112

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    • Prediction error and regularity detection underlie two dissociable mechanisms for computing the sense of agency

      Wen Wen, Patrick Haggard

      Cognition195   2020年2月1日

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:Elsevier B.V.  

      The sense of agency refers to the subjective feeling of controlling one's own actions, and through them, events in the outside world. According to computational motor control models, the prediction errors from comparison between the predicted sensory feedback and actual sensory feedback determine whether people feel agency over the corresponding outcome event, or not. This mechanism requires a model of the relation between action and outcome. However, in a novel environment, where this model has not yet been learned, the sense of agency must emerge during exploratory behaviours. In the present study, we designed a novel control detection task, in which participants explored the extent to which they could control the movement of three dots with a computer mouse, and then identified the dot that they felt they could control. Pre-recorded motions were applied for two dots, and the participants’ real-time motion only influenced one dot's motion (i.e. the target dot). We disturbed participants’ control over the motion of the target dot in one of two ways. In one case, we applied a fixed angular bias transformation between participant's movements and dot movements. In another condition, we mixed the participant's current movement with replay of another movement, and used the resulting hybrid signal to drive visual dot position. The former intervention changes the match between motor action and visual outcome, but maintains a regular relation between the two. In contrast, the latter alters both matching and motor-visual correlation. Crucially, we carefully selected the strength of these two perturbations so that they caused the same magnitude of impairment of motor performance in a simple reaching task, suggesting that both interventions produced comparable prediction errors. However, we found the visuomotor transformation had much less effect on the ability to detect which dot was under one's own control than did the nonlinear disturbance. This suggests a specific role of a correlation-like mechanism that detects ongoing visual-motor regularity in the human sense of agency. These regularity-detection mechanisms would remain intact under the linear, but not the nonlinear transformation. Human sense of agency may depend on monitoring ongoing motor-visual regularities, as well as on detecting prediction errors.

      DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2019.104074

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    • Does delay in feedback diminish sense of agency? A review 査読有り

      Wen Wen

      Consciousness and Cognition73   2019年8月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

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    • Improvement of Sense of Agency During Upper-Limb Movement for Motor Rehabilitation Using Virtual Reality

      Kei Aoyagi, Wen Wen, Qi An, Shunsuke Hamasaki, Hiroshi Yamakawa, Yusuke Tamura, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama

      2019 41st Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (EMBC)   2019年7月

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      掲載種別:研究論文(国際会議プロシーディングス)   出版者・発行元:IEEE  

      DOI: 10.1109/embc.2019.8856796

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    • Skill Abstraction of Physical Therapist in Hemiplegia Patients Rehabilitation Using A Walking Assist Robot 査読有り

      Qi An, Yuki Ishikawa, Wen Wen, Shu Ishiguro, Koji Ohata, Hiroshi Yamakawa, Yusuke Tamura, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama

      International Journal of Automation Technology13 ( 2 ) 271 - 278   2019年3月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:富士技術出版株式会社  

      <p>Improving the walking functions of hemiplegia patients after a stroke or brain injury is an important rehabilitation challenge. Recently, walking assist robots have been introduced in advanced rehabilitation facilities as a way to improve the efficiency of patient rehabilitation and restore their walking functions. Expert therapists can apply this device on different patients; however, such application mainly depends on the therapist's tacit knowledge. Thus, it is often harder for novice therapists to apply such devices on different types of patients. Consequently, effective use of a walking assist robot has become a new patient rehabilitation skill. Taking rehabilitation as a service provided by medical doctors or therapists to their patients, this study aims to improve the quality of the rehabilitation service. In particular, the objective of this study is to abstract the rehabilitation skill of expert therapists in using a walking assist robot by applying a service science methodology known as skill education. Skill abstraction was performed by interviewing an expert therapist. From this interview, it was found that the expert therapist classified hemiplegia patients into four different classes. Using videos of patients walking, further analysis revealed the expert's tacit knowledge, which was indicated by differences observed among these four groups in particular phases of the patients' walking patterns. This study shows that by successfully obtaining explicit knowledge of part of a rehabilitation skill by using a walking assist robot (which until now was a tacit knowledge of experts), and then organizing the acquired explicit knowledge, even non-experts can easily reproduce the skill of experts in new patient rehabilitation.</p>

      DOI: 10.20965/ijat.2019.p0271

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    • Changes in Body Representation of the Human Upper Limb as a Function of Movement and Visual Hand Position 査読有り

      Hamasaki Shunsuke, An Qi, Wen Wen, Tamura Yusuke, Yamakawa Hiroshi, Unenaka Satoshi, Shibuya Satoshi, Ohki Yukari, Yamashita Atsushi, Asama Hajime

      JOURNAL OF ADVANCED COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND INTELLIGENT INFORMATICS23 ( 2 ) 196 - 208   2019年3月

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      記述言語:英語   出版者・発行元:富士技術出版株式会社  

      <p>Several disease presentations are linked to a mismatch between the real body and the body's internal representation of itself. In order to develop effective rehabilitation therapies, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms underlying changes in body representation. In this study, we focused on changes in body representation of the upper limb as a large part of the body and investigated the conditions under which such changes occur. Participants were presented four conditions which differentially affected their sense of ownership and agency, including a movement condition related to their sense of agency, and a visual hand information condition related to the sense of ownership. In the experiment, participants were asked to move their upper limb forward and backward on a manipulandum. Results of the study showed that visual hand position affected changes in body representation relevant to both conscious and unconscious body parts. In addition, changes in the representation of the unconscious body part occurred with, and were dependent on, active movement.</p>

      DOI: 10.20965/jaciii.2019.p0196

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    • Improvement of Sense of Agency via Visual Intervention in Virtual Reality 査読有り

      Kei Aoyagi, Wen Wen, Qi An, Shunsuke Hamasaki, Hiroshi Yamakawa, Yusuke Tamura, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama

      2nd International Symposium on Embodied-Brain Systems Science   P73   2018年12月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(国際会議プロシーディングス)  

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    • Investigating the Relationship between Assisted Driver’s SoA and EEG 査読有り

      Sonmin Yun, Wen Wen, Qi An, Shunsuke Hamasaki, Hiroshi Yamakawa, Yusuke Tamura, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama

      Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Neurorehabilitation21   1039 - 1043   2018年10月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(国際会議プロシーディングス)  

      DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-01845-0_208

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    • The readiness potential reflects the reliability of action consequence 査読有り

      Wen, W, Minohara, R, Hamasaki, S, Maeda, T, An, Q, Tamura, Y, Yamakawa, H, Yamashita, A, Asama, H

      Scientific Reports8 ( 11865 )   2018年8月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

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    • Enhanced perceptual processing of self-generated motion: Evidence from steady-state visual evoked potentials 査読有り

      Wen Wen, Elisa Brann, Steven Di Costa, Patrick Haggard

      NeuroImage175   438 - 448   2018年7月15日

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:Academic Press Inc.  

      The sense of agency emerges when our voluntary actions produce anticipated or predictable outcomes in the external world. It remains unclear how the sense of control also influences our perception of the external world. The present study examined perceptual processing of self-generated motion versus non-self-generated motion using steady-state visual evoked potentials (SSVEPs). Participants continuously moved their finger on a touchpad to trigger the movements of two shapes (Experiment 1) or two groups of dots (Experiment 2) on a monitor. Degree of control was manipulated by varying the spatial relation between finger movement and stimulus trajectory across conditions. However, the velocity, onset time, and offset time of visual stimuli always corresponded to participants’ finger movement. Stimuli flickered at a frequency of either 7.5 Hz or 10 Hz, thus SSVEPs of these frequencies and their harmonics provided a frequency-tagged measurement of perceptual processing. Participants triggered the motion of all stimuli simultaneously, but had greater levels of control over some stimuli than over others. Their task was to detect a brief colour change on the border(s) of one shape (Experiment 1) or of one group of dots (Experiment 2). Although control over shapes/dots was irrelevant to the visual detection task, we found stronger SSVEPs for stimuli that were under a high level of control, compared with the stimuli that were under a low level of control. Our results suggest that the spatial regularity between self-generated movements and visual input boosted the neural responses underlying perceptual processing. Our results support the preactivation account of sensory attenuation, suggesting that perceptual processing of self-generated events is enhanced rather than inhibited.

      DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.04.019

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    • Skill extraction from nursing care service using sliding sheet 査読有り

      An, Q, Nakagawa, J, Yasuda, J, Wen, W, Yamakawa, H, Yamashita, A, Aasama, H

      International Journal of Automation Technology12 ( 4 ) 533 - 541   2018年7月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:富士技術出版株式会社  

      <p>Back pain has been a serious problem for novice nurses who care for bedridden patients. To avoid back pain, placing a slippery sliding sheet beneath a patient has been suggested so that nurses can pull it when repositioning the patient rather than lifting the patient. However, inappropriate use of the sheet may not reduce lumbar pain. Therefore, it is important to identify skills required for novice nurses to perform bed care movements using a sliding sheet. This study firstly performed interview to obtain useful knowledge from expert nurses who are skilled in using a sliding sheet. Next, a simulation study was then conducted to determine specific bed care movements that would minimize lumbar joint moment associated with lumbar pain. The simulated and expert movements were compared to validate whether expert movements decreases lumbar joint moment. Finally, a novice participant was taught these expert movements, and the educational effect of using these skills was validated. Our results showed that the experts used characteristic movements, keeping the upper arm and trunk stabilized and utilizing a shift in body weight, when performing bed care movements with the sliding sheet. Additionally, the expert movements and simulated movements were shown to be similar. This result confirmed that expert movements could contribute to reducing lumbar joint moments. Moreover, a novice participant could decrease lumbar moment using skills derived from effective education.</p>

      DOI: 10.20965/ijat.2018.p0533

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    • Impact of Navon-induced global and local processing biases on the acquisition of spatial knowledge 査読有り

      SAGE Open8 ( 4 )   2018年4月

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    • Control changes the way we look at the world 査読有り

      Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience30 ( 4 ) 603 - 619   2018年1月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

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    • Estimation of Tension and Concentration Scenes during Crane Operation Using Physiological Indices for Skill Improvement Support 査読有り

      Takao Sugimoto, Hiroshi Yamakawa, Qi An, Wen Wen, Yusuke Tamura, Koichi Ohtomi, Takayuki Kosaka, Hiromasa Suzuki, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama

      Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Serviceology   153 - 160   2017年7月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(国際会議プロシーディングス)  

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    • Measurement of the Perception of Control during Continuous Movement using Electroencephalography 査読有り

      Wen Wen, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama

      FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE11 ( 392 )   2017年7月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:FRONTIERS MEDIA SA  

      "Sense of control" refers to the subjective feeling of control over external events. Numerous neuropsychological studies have investigated the neural basis of the sense of control during action performance; however, most previous studies have focused on responses to a single discrete action outcome rather than real-time processing of action-outcome sequences. In the present study, we aimed to identify whether certain patterns of brain activation are associated with the perceived control during continuous movement. We recorded electroencephalography (EEG) signals while participants continuously moved a right-handed mouse in an attempt to control multiple visual stimuli. When participants perceived a sense of control over the stimuli, we observed a positive potential approximately 550 ms after the onset of movement, while no similar potential was observed when participants reported a lack of control. The appearance of this potential was consistent with the time window of awareness of control in a behavioral test using the same task, and likely reflected the explicit allocation of attention to control. Moreover, we found that the alpha-mu rhythm, which is linked to sensorimotor processing, was significantly suppressed after participants came to a conclusion regarding the level of control, regardless of whether control or lack of control was perceived. In summary, our results suggest that the late positive potential after the onset of the movement and the suppression of alpha-mu rhythm can be used as markers of the perception of control during continuous action performance and feedback monitoring.

      添付ファイル: Measurement of the perception of control during continuous movement using electroencephalography.pdf

      DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2017.00392

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    • The influence of performance on action-effect integration in sense of agency 査読有り

      Wen Wen, Atsushi Yamashtia, Hajime Asama

      Consciousness and Cognition53   89 - 98   2017年6月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

      添付ファイル: The influence of performance on action-effect integration in sense of agency.pdf

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    • A Continuous Estimation of Stress using Physiological Signals during a Real Car Race 査読有り

      Wen Wen, Daisuke Tomoi, Hiroshi Yamakawa, Shunsuke Hamasaki, Kaoru Takakusaki, Qi An, Yusuke Tamura, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama

      Psychology8 ( 7 ) 978 - 986   2017年4月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

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    • 身体意識に基づく脳内身体表現の生成・更新ダイナミクスのモデル化とそのリハビリ応用

      淺間 一, 近藤 敏之, 温 文

      計測と制御56 ( 3 ) 175 - 180   2017年

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      記述言語:日本語   出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 計測自動制御学会  

      DOI: 10.11499/sicejl.56.175

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    • Investigating the relationship between driver's sense of agency and EEG: mu-rhythm is more suppressed in higher SoA case 査読有り

      2017 INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MICRO-NANOMECHATRONICS AND HUMAN SCIENCE (MHS)   2017年

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    • Auxiliary System to Classify Patterns of Patients with Hemiplegia for Transferring Skill of Rehabilitation with Walking Assist Robot 査読有り

      Yuki Ishikawa, Qi An, Wen Wen, Shu Ishiguro, Koji Ohata, Hiroshi Yamakawa, Yusuke Tamura, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama

      Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Serviceology   154 - 157   2016年9月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(国際会議プロシーディングス)  

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    • Strength of Intentional Effort Enhances the Sense of Agency 査読有り

      Rin Minohara, Wen Wen, Shunsuke Hamasaki, Takaki Maeda, Motoichiro Kato, Hiroshi Yamakawa, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama

      FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY7 ( 1165 )   2016年8月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:FRONTIERS MEDIA SA  

      Sense of agency (SoA) refers to the feeling of controlling ones own actions, and the experience of controlling external events with ones actions. The present study examined the effect of strength of intentional effort on SoA. We manipulated the strength of intentional effort using three types of buttons that differed in the amount of force required to depress them. We used a self-attribution task as an explicit measure of SoA. The results indicate that strength of intentional effort enhanced self-attribution when action-effect congruency was unreliable. We concluded that intentional effort importantly affects the integration of multiple cues affecting explicit judgments of agency when the causal relationship action and effect was unreliable.

      DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.01165

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    • Goal-Directed Movement Enhances Body Representation Updating 査読有り

      Wen Wen, Katsutoshi Muramatsu, Shunsuke Hamasaki, Qi An, Hiroshi Yamakawa, Yusuke Tamura, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama

      FRONTIERS IN HUMAN NEUROSCIENCE10 ( 329 )   2016年6月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:FRONTIERS MEDIA SA  

      Body representation refers to perception, memory, and cognition related to the body and is updated continuously by sensory input. The present study examined the influence of goals on body representation updating with two experiments of the rubber hand paradigm. In the experiments, participants moved their hidden left hands forward and backward either in response to instruction to touch a virtual object or without any specific goal, while a virtual left hand was presented 250 mm above the real hand and moved in synchrony with the real hand. Participants then provided information concerning the perceived heights of their real left hands and rated their sense of agency and ownership of the virtual hand. Results of Experiment 1 showed that when participants moved their hands with the goal of touching a virtual object and received feedback indicating goal attainment, the perceived positions of their real hands shifted more toward that of the virtual hand relative to that in the condition without a goal, indicating that their body representations underwent greater modification. Furthermore, results of Experiment 2 showed that the effect of goal directed movement occurred in the active condition, in which participants moved their own hands, but did not occur in the passive condition, in which participants' hands were moved by the experimenter. Therefore, we concluded that the sense of agency probably contributed to the updating of body representation involving goal directed movement.

      DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00329

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    • Influence of Sense of Ownership and Sense of Agency on Body Representation Change of Human Upper Limb 査読有り

      Shunsuke Hamasaki, Qi An, Wen Wen, Yusuke Tamura, Hiroshi Yamakawa, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama, Satoshi Unenaka, Satoshi Shibuya, Yukari Ohki

      Proceedings of the 1st International Symposium on Embodied-Brain Systems Science   26   2016年5月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(国際会議プロシーディングス)  

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    • The body and objects represented in the ventral stream of the parieto-premotor network. 招待有り 査読有り

      Murata A, Wen W, Asama H

      Neuroscience research104   4 - 15   2016年3月

    • 実映像と筋活動の重畳表示によるローイング動作教育システム 査読有り

      Qi AN, 柳井 香史朗, 中川 純希, 温 文, 山川 博司, 山下 淳, 淺間 一

      日本機械学会論文集82 ( 834 ) 15 - 00424-15-00424   2016年2月

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      記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:一般社団法人 日本機械学会  

      In many sports, essential skills exist in terms of muscle activation in order to improve performance. However, it is difficult to identify the important muscle activation, and moreover novices cannot observe and imitate it since muscle activation is hardly visible. This study especially focuses on human rowing motion to extract an important skill in terms of muscle activation and we develop skill education system for novices to learn the skill. Firstly, strength and activation timing of lower leg muscle are evaluated to detect the expert skill based on their peak value and cross correlation during movement. Next, new skill education system is suggested by simultaneous presentation of real human movement and muscle activations of the targeted muscle. In the proposed system, muscle color is continuously changed based on its activation level for novices to perceive their muscle activation visually. Both experts and novices participated at our skill extraction experiment to compare their muscle activation. Results showed that experts had larger peak activation level and different profile in rectus femoris muscle. Therefore, our skill education system focused on rectus femoris muscle to present its activation level and movement simultaneously. In order to evaluate efficacy of the developed system, four different education instructions were conducted to novices; linguistic education, simultaneous presentation of motion and muscle activation of the expert, off-line presentation of novices motion and muscle activation, and real time presentation of novices motion and muscle activation. Performance of novices was evaluated after each instruction based on peak activation level, cross correlation, and exerted power on the rowing ergometer. These performance change after each education implied providing integrated view of novices motion and muscle activation in real-time could improve performance of rowing motion.

      DOI: 10.1299/transjsme.15-00424

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    • How anticipation for the sense of agency affects readiness potential. 査読有り

      Rin Minohara, Wen Wen, Shunsuke Hamasaki, Takaki Maeda, Qi An,Array, Hiroshi Yamakawa, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama

      International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science, MHS 2016, Nagoya, Japan, November 28-30, 20162016 ( MHS ) 4 - 4   2016年

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      掲載種別:研究論文(国際会議プロシーディングス)   出版者・発行元:IEEE  

      DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2016.7824228

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    • Divided Attention and Processes Underlying Sense of Agency 査読有り

      Wen Wen, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama

      FRONTIERS IN PSYCHOLOGY7 ( 35 )   2016年1月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:FRONTIERS MEDIA SA  

      Sense of agency refers to the subjective feeling of controlling events through one's behavior or will. Sense of agency results from matching predictions of one's own actions with actual feedback regarding the action. Furthermore, when an action involves a cued goal, performance-based inference contributes to sense of agency. That is, if people achieve their goal, they would believe themselves to be in control. Previous studies have shown that both action-effect comparison and performance-based inference contribute to sense of agency; however, the dominance of one process over the other may shift based on task conditions such as the presence or absence of specific goals. In this study, we examined the influence of divided attention on these two processes underlying sense of agency in two conditions. In the experimental task, participants continuously controlled a moving dot for 10 s while maintaining a string of three or seven digits in working memory. We found that when there was no cued goal (no-cued-goal condition), sense of agency was impaired by high cognitive load. Contrastingly, when participants controlled the dot based on a cued goal (cued-goal-directed condition), their sense of agency was lower than in the no-cued-goal condition and was not affected by cognitive load. The results suggest that the action-effect comparison process underlying sense of agency requires attention. On the other hand, the weaker influence of divided attention in the cued-goal-directed condition could be attributed to the dominance of performance-based inference, which is probably automatic.

      DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00035

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    • The influence of goals on sense of control 査読有り

      Wen Wen, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama

      CONSCIOUSNESS AND COGNITION37   83 - 90   2015年12月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE  

      We examined the influence of goals on sense of control relative to that experienced when taking action randomly. In the experimental task, participants controlled the direction of a moving dot by pressing the left and right keys at will without a specific goal (the control condition), directed the moving dot to a destination as often as possible (the strong goal condition), or kept the moving dot in the central area of the screen (the weak goal condition) for as long as possible. The results showed that the strong goal impaired the sense of control, but the weak goal did not exert an influence. We concluded that the goal-based expectation influenced sense of control, but the goal-directed action selection did not. Furthermore, we proposed a modified comparator model of the sense of control, offering a promising approach to integration of the predictive and postdictive processes involved in the sense of control. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

      添付ファイル: The influence of goals on sense of control.pdf

      DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2015.08.012

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    • The influence of action-outcome delay and arousal on sense of agency and the intentional binding effect 査読有り

      Wen Wen, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama

      CONSCIOUSNESS AND COGNITION36   87 - 95   2015年11月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE  

      The sense of agency refers to the feeling of being able to initiate and control events through one's actions. The "intentional binding" effect (Haggard, Clark, & Kalogeras, 2002), refers to a subjective compression of the temporal interval between actions and their effects. The present study examined the influence of action-outcome delays and arousal on both the subjective judgment of agency and the intentional binding effect. In the experiment, participants pressed a key to trigger a central square to jump after various delays. A red central square was used in the high-arousal condition. Results showed that a longer interval between actions and their effects was associated with a lower sense of agency but a stronger intentional binding effect. Furthermore, although arousal enhanced the intentional binding effect, it did not influence the judgment of agency. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.

      添付ファイル: The influence of action-outcome delay and arousal on sense of agency and the intentional binding effect.pdf

      DOI: 10.1016/j.concog.2015.06.004

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    • The Sense of Agency during Continuous Action: Performance Is More Important than Action-Feedback Association 査読有り

      Wen Wen, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama

      PLOS ONE10 ( 4 ) e0125226 - wenwen   2015年4月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE  

      The sense of agency refers to the feeling that one is controlling events through one's own behavior. This study examined how task performance and the delay of events influence one's sense of agency during continuous action accompanied by a goal. The participants were instructed to direct a moving dot into a square as quickly as possible by pressing the left and right keys on a keyboard to control the direction in which the dot traveled. The interval between the key press and response of the dot (i.e., direction change) was manipulated to vary task difficulty. Moreover, in the assisted condition, the computer ignored participants' erroneous commands, resulting in improved task performance but a weaker association between the participants' commands and actual movements of the dot relative to the condition in which all of the participants' commands were executed (i.e., self-control condition). The results showed that participants' sense of agency increased with better performance in the assisted condition relative to the self-control condition, even though a large proportion of their commands were not executed. We concluded that, when the action-feedback association was uncertain, cognitive inference was more dominant relative to the process of comparing predicted and perceived information in the judgment of agency.

      添付ファイル: journal.pone.0125226.pdf

      DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125226

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    • Instruction of verbal and spatial strategies for the learning about large-scale spaces 査読有り

      Wen Wen, Toru Ishikawa, Takao Sato

      LEARNING AND INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES35   15 - 21   2014年10月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV  

      This study examined the effects of instruction on verbal and spatial strategies on the learning about large-scale spaces by people with different levels of sense of direction. 103 participants learned two routes from a video, first without instruction and second with verbalization, spatial operation, or no instruction. For landmark learning, people with a good sense of direction benefited from both verbalization and spatial operation, and people with a poor sense of direction benefited from verbalization only. For survey learning, verbalization had a disruptive effect, and people with a good sense of direction did worse with instruction, either verbal or spatial. By contrast, survey learning by people with a poor sense of direction was not affected by verbalization or spatial operation, indicating their difficulty with survey learning and insensitivity to strategy instruction. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc All rights reserved.

      DOI: 10.1016/j.lindif.2014.06.005

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    • Why am I not photogenic? Differences in face memory for the self and others 査読有り

      Wen Wen, Hideaki Kawabata

      I-PERCEPTION5 ( 3 ) 176 - 187   2014年

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:PION LTD  

      Many people complain that they do not photograph well. In the present study, we hypothesised that the self-face is memorized more beautifully than reality, which may result in reports of being not photogenic. We took photographs of students who were in the same university course and were familiar with one another. We then magnified or shrunk the size of their eyes (Experiment 1; N = 10) and their mouths (Experiment 2; N = 10). We asked the students to select the picture that seemed most like their classmates' real faces or their own real face. The results showed that there were significant differences between memories of their own and others' faces. Participants selected their classmates' real faces to a greater degree than the modified faces. However, participants tended to select pictures of themselves with magnified eyes and shrunken mouths more often than for their classmates. In Experiment 3 (N = 22), more male participants were included and the influence of gender and mirror-reversed images were examined. We found that there were no significant differences across gender, and the mirror reversal did not change the participants' selections. The bias of self-face recognition may reflect different memory processes for the self and others.

      添付ファイル: (i-Perception)Why am I not photogenic Differences in face memory for the self and others.pdf

      DOI: 10.1068/i0634

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    • The Best Route Is Not Always the Easiest One: Spatial References in Heuristics of Route Choice 査読有り

      Wen Wen, Hideaki Kawabata

      Psychology4 ( 9 ) 704 - 710   2013年9月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)  

      DOI: 10.4236/psych.2013.49100

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    • Individual Differences in the Encoding Processes of Egocentric and Allocentric Survey Knowledge 査読有り

      Wen Wen, Toru Ishikawa, Takao Sato

      Cognitive Science37 ( 1 ) 176 - 192   2013年

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:Wiley-Blackwell Publishing  

      This study examined how different components of working memory are involved in the acquisition of egocentric and allocentric survey knowledge by people with a good and poor sense of direction (SOD). We employed a dual-task method and asked participants to learn routes from videos with verbal, visual, and spatial interference tasks and without any interference. Results showed that people with a good SOD encoded and integrated knowledge about landmarks and routes into egocentric survey knowledge in verbal and spatial working memory, which is then transformed into allocentric survey knowledge with the support of all three components, distances being processed in verbal and spatial working memory and directions in visual and spatial working memory. In contrast, people with a poor SOD relied on verbal working memory and lacked spatial processing, thus failing to acquire accurate survey knowledge. Based on the results, a possible model for explaining individual differences in spatial knowledge acquisition is proposed. Copyright © 2012 Cognitive Science Society, Inc.

      DOI: 10.1111/cogs.12005

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    • Working Memory in Spatial Knowledge Acquisition: Differences in Encoding Processes and Sense of Direction 査読有り

      Wen Wen, Toru Ishikawa, Takao Sato

      APPLIED COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY25 ( 4 ) 654 - 662   2011年7月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究論文(学術雑誌)   出版者・発行元:WILEY-BLACKWELL  

      This study examined how different components of working memory are involved in spatial knowledge acquisition for good and poor sense-of-direction (SOD) people. We employed a dual-task method, and asked participants to learn routes from videos with verbal, visual and spatial interference tasks and without any interference. Results showed that participants with a good SOD encoded landmarks and routes verbally and spatially, and integrated knowledge about them into survey knowledge with the support of all three components of working memory. In contrast, participants with a poor SOD encoded landmarks only verbally, and tended to rely on the visual component of working memory in the processing of route knowledge. Based on the results, a possible model for explaining the differences in spatial knowledge acquisition and SOD was proposed. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

      DOI: 10.1002/acp.1737

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    • The Sense of Agency in Driving Automation

      Wen Wen, Yoshihiro Kuroki, Hajime Asama

      Frontiers in Psychology10   2019年12月3日

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:書評論文,書評,文献紹介等   出版者・発行元:Frontiers Media S.A.  

      Driving automation has been developing rapidly during the latest decade. However, all current technologies of driving automation still require human drivers’ monitoring and intervention. This means that during driving automation, the control by human driver and by the driving automation system are blended. In this case, if the human driver loses the sense of agency over the vehicle, he/she may not be able to actively engage in driving, and may excessively rely on the driving automation system. This review focuses on the subjective feeling of agency of the human driver over the vehicle in such situations. We address the possible measures of agency in driving automation, and discuss the insights from literatures on the sense of agency in joint control, robotics, automation, and driving assistance. We suggest that maintaining the sense of agency for human driver is important for ethical and safety reasons. We further propose a number of avenues for further research, which may help to better design an optimized driving automation considering human sense of agency.

      DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.02691

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    • 技能教育におけるRGB-Dカメラの応用 (特集 RGBDカメラの応用技術)

      温 文, 山下 淳, 浅間 一

      設計工学 = Journal of Japan Society for Design Engineering : 日本設計工学会誌51 ( 11 ) 770 - 776   2016年11月

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      記述言語:日本語   出版者・発行元:日本設計工学会  

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    • The influence of attention on sense of agency

      Wen Wen, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama

      INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY51   181 - 181   2016年7月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究発表ペーパー・要旨(国際会議)   出版者・発行元:ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD  

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    • Estimation of stress during car race with factor analysis 査読有り

      Daisuke Tomoi, Wen Wen, Hiroshi Yamakawa, Shunsuke Hamasaki, Kaoru Takakusaki, Qi An, Yusuke Tamura, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama

      2015 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science, MHS 2015   213 - 216   2016年3月21日

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究発表ペーパー・要旨(国際会議)   出版者・発行元:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.  

      Car race drivers are always in dangerous and harsh environments. In order to reduce risks due to mental stress, it is important to evaluate stress during a car race in real-time. The present study measured three physiological indices, heart rate variability, sweat rate, and electromyogram of massester from a professional racer during a car race. However, the relation between these indices, and the types of stress still remains unclear. In the present study, we examined the relations between the three indices and factors linked with these indices during car race with factor analysis. The results suggested that the three physiological indices related to two different factors. One factor scored high when driver saw other nearby car, and was influenced mainly by heart rate variability and sweat rate. We suggest that mental stress is probably high in such scenes, and named this factor as mental stress. Furthermore, the other factor showed high values during urgent accelerations and decelerations, and was influenced mainly by electromyogram of massester. During urgent accelerations and decelerations, the driver probably suffered from large physical discomfort. Therefore, we named the second factor as physical stress. In summary, we found the three physiological indices reflected two different types of stress during car race. Moreover, according to the results of factor analysis, we proposed a method of real-time estimation of both mental and physical stress with the three physiological indices during car race.

      DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2015.7438258

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    • Evaluating effect of sense of ownership and sense of agency on body representation change of human upper limb 査読有り

      Shunsuke Hamasaki, Qi An, Wen Wen, Yusuke Tamura, Hiroshi Yamakawa, Atsushi Yamashita, Hajime Asama, Satoshi Shibuya, Yukari Ohki

      2015 International Symposium on Micro-NanoMechatronics and Human Science, MHS 2015   254 - 257   2016年3月21日

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究発表ペーパー・要旨(国際会議)   出版者・発行元:Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.  

      To improve rehabilitation of the diseases which are caused by the mismatch between real body and body representation, it is necessary to understand the mechanism of body representation change. It is assumed that sense of agency and sense of ownership are closely-related with body representation and influence body representation change of the body parts without visual information. We focused on human upper limb and performed experiment with participants on four condition related to sensitivity of agency and ownership. We measure perceived position change of elbow and finger by pointing judgement using motion capture. Visual stimulation which participants given is only virtual hand. Our experiment has revealed that sense of agency influence the body representation change on the body parts which is invisible to participants.

      DOI: 10.1109/MHS.2015.7438328

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    • 動作意図が身体図式の変容に与える影響の評価

      村松 克俊, 温 文, 濱崎 峻資, 山川 博司, 安 チ, 田村 雄介, 山下 淳, 淺間 一

      精密工学会学術講演会講演論文集2016 ( 0 ) 573 - 574   2016年

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      記述言語:日本語   出版者・発行元:公益社団法人 精密工学会  

      身体図式とは身体に関する脳内の知覚と記憶をさす.本研究では,身体を動かす際に,動作目標の存在が身体図式の変容に与える影響を調べた.実験参加者に左手を遮蔽された状態で前後に動かしてもらい,垂直上の位置に同期に運動する仮想の手を提示した.仮想の手の位置は本物の手の位置知覚を影響する.実験の結果,仮想物体を触るという目標を与えた場合,目標を与えない場合と比べて,身体図式の変容が大きかったことがわかった.

      DOI: 10.11522/pscjspe.2016S.0_573

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    • Readiness potential reflects the predictive aspect of sense of agency 査読有り

      Minohara, R, Wen, W, Hamasaki, S, Maeda, T, Yamakawa, H, Shibuya, S, Ohki, Y, Yamashita, A, Asama, H

      Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Advanced Mechatronics (ICAM2015)2015   353 - 354   2015年12月

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究発表ペーパー・要旨(国際会議)   出版者・発行元:一般社団法人日本機械学会  

      Sense of Agency (SoA) refers to the experience of controlling external events. SoA is considered to have predictive and postdictive aspect. Recent studies have investigated the relationship between SoA and event-related potentials, but these studies focused only on the postdictive aspect, while the brain activities related to the predictive aspect of SoA remain unclear. In the present study, we focused on readiness potential (RP) and examined the influence of prediction of SoA on RP. In the experiment, participants pressed a key to trigger a tone, and the event-related potentials before and after the key-press was recorded. In the normal predictive condition, all the tones were presented after key-press, thus participants could predict that their key-press would probably cause a tone. In contrast, in the low predictive condition, one third of the tones were presented before the key-presses, thus the causability of key-presses on tones were doubtful. The results indicated earlier RP in the normal predictive condition relative to the low predictive condition, although the difference did not reach significant level due to the small sample size. We will increase participants to confirm the difference in RP between the two predictive conditions in future work. We believe that our work provides important knowledge for the understanding of the neural basis of SoA.

      DOI: 10.1299/jsmeicam.2015.6.353

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    • 行動目標が運動主体感の生起プロセスに与える影響

      温 文, 山下 淳, 淺間 一

          2015年11月

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      記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究発表ペーパー・要旨(全国大会,その他学術会議)  

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    • Skill evaluation and education services for bed-care nursing with sliding sheet with regression analysis 査読有り

      Wen, W, Qiao, X, Yanai, K, Nakagawa, J, Yasuda, Y, Yamashita, A, Asama, H

      Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Serviceology (ICServ2015)   2015年

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究発表ペーパー・要旨(国際会議)  

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    • Nurse bed care activity analysis for intelligent training service 査読有り

      Qiao, X, Nakagawa, J, Yanai, K, Yasuda, J, Wen, W, Yamashita, A, Asama, H

      Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Serviceology (ICServ2015)   2015年

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究発表ペーパー・要旨(国際会議)  

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    • 重畳映像を用いた動作学習支援システムにおける映像提示視点の自動決定 査読有り

      中村 祐基, 柳井 香史朗, 中川 純希, 温 文, 山川 博司, 山下 淳, 淺間 一

      サービス学会第3回国内大会講演論文集   236 - 240   2015年

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      記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究発表ペーパー・要旨(全国大会,その他学術会議)  

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    • シートを使ったベッド上介助動作における技能教示サービスシステムの提案 査読有り

      中川 純希, An Qi, 石川 雄己, 柳井 香史朗, 保田 淳子, 温 文, 山川 博司, 山下 淳, 淺間 一

      サービス学会第3回国内大会講演論文集   323 - 324   2015年

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      記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究発表ペーパー・要旨(全国大会,その他学術会議)  

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    • 筋活動可視化によるローイング動作教育サービスシステムの開発 査読有り

      柳井 香史朗, 中川 純希, An Qi, 温 文, 山川 博司, 山下 淳, 淺間 一

      サービス学会第3回国内大会講演論文集   563 - 570   2015年

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      記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究発表ペーパー・要旨(全国大会,その他学術会議)  

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    • 因子分析を用いたドライバーのカーレース中におけるストレス推定 査読有り

      友井 大将, 温 文, 山川 博司, 山下 淳, 高草木 薫, 淺間 一

      第20回ロボティクスシンポジア講演予稿集   133 - 138   2015年

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      記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究発表ペーパー・要旨(全国大会,その他学術会議)  

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    • スイッチ操作力の差異が運動主体感に与える影響の評価 査読有り

      簑原 凜, 温 文, 濱崎 峻資, 前田 貴記, 加藤 元一郎, 山川 博司, 山下 淳, 淺間 一

      第20回ロボティクスシンポジア講演予稿集   139 - 144   2015年

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      記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究発表ペーパー・要旨(全国大会,その他学術会議)  

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    • ローイング動作におけるスキルの抽出と教示 査読有り

      柳井 香史朗, An Qi, 中川 純希, 温 文, 山川 博司, 山下 淳, 淺間 一

      第20回ロボティクスシンポジア講演予稿集   229 - 234   2015年

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      記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究発表ペーパー・要旨(全国大会,その他学術会議)  

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    • Extraction and evaluation of proficiency in bed care motion for education service of nursing skill 査読有り

      Nakagawa, J, An, Q, Ishikawa, Y, Yanai, K, Wen, W, Yamakawa, H, Yamashita, A, Asama, H

      Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Serviceology (ICServ2014)   91 - 96   2014年

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究発表ペーパー・要旨(国際会議)  

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    • Visualization of muscle activity during squat motion for skill education 査読有り

      Yanai, K, An, Q, Ishikawa, Y, Nakagawa, J, Wen, W, Yamakawa, H, Yamashita, A, Asama, H

      Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Serviceology (ICServ2014)   86 - 90   2014年

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      記述言語:英語   掲載種別:研究発表ペーパー・要旨(国際会議)  

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    • シートを使ったベッド上介助動作における技能間従属関係の解明

      中川 純希, Qi An, 石川 雄己, 柳井 香史朗, 保田 淳子, 温 文, 山川 博司, 山下 淳, 淺間 一

      第32回日本ロボット学会学術講演会予稿集RSJ2014AC1H2-04   1 - 4   2014年

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      記述言語:日本語  

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    • 大規模空間のサーベイ知識学習における記憶処理の個人差

      温文, 石川徹, 佐藤隆夫

      基礎心理学研究30 ( 2 ) 206   2012年3月31日

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    • 空間知識の学習における言語方略と空間方略

      温 文, 石川 徹, 佐藤 隆夫

      MERA Journal29   38   2012年

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      記述言語:日本語  

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    • サーベイマップ的空間知識の獲得におけるワーキングメモリの役割

      温 文, 石川 徹, 佐藤 隆夫

      MERA Journal27   27   2011年

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      記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究発表ペーパー・要旨(全国大会,その他学術会議)  

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    • 空間知識の学習過程とワーキングメモリ : その符号化過程と方向感覚による違い

      温 文, 石川 徹, 佐藤 隆夫

      映像情報メディア学会技術報告34 ( 25 ) 79 - 82   2010年6月29日

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      記述言語:日本語   出版者・発行元:一般社団法人映像情報メディア学会  

      本研究は、大規模空間から空間知識を獲得する際の言語・視覚・空間ワーキングメモリが果たす役割を検討し、方向感覚の個人差が空間知識獲得のプロセスに与える影響を調べた。実験参加者にはビデオでルートを学習してもらい、学習の際に言語、視覚、或いは空間的な妨害を与え、各妨害条件で空間知識の学習成績がいかに低下するかを調べた。方向感覚のよい人は、ランドマークとルートの知識を、言語および空間ワーキングメモリを用いて符号化し、それらの知識をサーベイ知識に統合する際に、言語・視覚・空間ワーキングメモリのすべてを利用していることがわかった。一方、方向感覚のよくない人は、ランドマーク知識を言語的に符号化し、またルート知識を学習する際に特に視覚ワーキングメモリに頼る傾向が見られた。その結果、方向感覚のよくない人は、限られた学習ではサーベイ知識を効率的に獲得できないと考えられる。

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    • 空間知識の学習過程とワーキングメモリ : その符号化過程と方向感覚による違い

      温 文, 石川 徹, 佐藤 隆夫

      電子情報通信学会技術研究報告. MVE, マルチメディア・仮想環境基礎110 ( 108 ) 79 - 82   2010年6月22日

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      記述言語:日本語   出版者・発行元:一般社団法人電子情報通信学会  

      本研究は、大規模空間から空間知識を獲得する際の言語・視覚・空間ワーキングメモリが果たす役割を検討し、方向感覚の個人差が空間知識獲得のプロセスに与える影響を調べた。実験参加者にはビデオでルートを学習してもらい、学習の際に言語、視覚、或いは空間的な妨害を与え、各妨害条件で空間知識の学習成績がいかに低下するかを調べた。方向感覚のよい人は、ランドマークとルートの知識を、言語および空間ワーキングメモリを用いて符号化し、それらの知識をサーベイ知識に統合する際に、言語・視覚・空間ワーキングメモリのすべてを利用していることがわかった。一方、方向感覚のよくない人は、ランドマーク知識を言語的に符号化し、またルート知識を学習する際に特に視覚ワーキングメモリに頼る傾向が見られた。その結果、方向感覚のよくない人は、限られた学習ではサーベイ知識を効率的に獲得できないと考えられる。

      CiNii Article

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    • 大規模空間の習得におけるワーキングメモリの役割

      温文, 石川徹, 佐藤隆夫

      基礎心理学研究28 ( 2 ) 272 - 272   2010年3月31日

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      記述言語:日本語   出版者・発行元:日本基礎心理学会  

      DOI: 10.14947/psychono.KJ00006393859

      CiNii Article

      J-GLOBAL

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    • 空間知識の学習過程とワーキングメモリ : その符号化過程と方向感覚による違い (第62回 ヒューマンインタフェース学会研究会 人工現実感および一般)

      温 文, 石川 徹, 佐藤 隆夫

      ヒューマンインタフェース学会研究報告集12   79 - 82   2010年

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      記述言語:日本語   出版者・発行元:ヒューマンインタフェース学会  

      CiNii Article

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    • 大規模空間の知識獲得における ワーキングメモリの役割

      温 文, 石川 徹, 佐藤 隆夫

      MERA Journal26   20 - 20   2010年

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      記述言語:日本語   掲載種別:研究発表ペーパー・要旨(全国大会,その他学術会議)  

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    • 第二言語の処理が再認に与える影響

      温文, 高野陽太郎

      日本認知科学会大会発表論文集25th   236 - 237   2008年

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      記述言語:日本語  

      J-GLOBAL

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    ▼全件表示

    所属学協会

    共同研究・競争的資金等の研究

    • 計算論的アプローチを用いた身体意識のモデル化と臨床検証

      科学技術振興機構  戦略的な研究開発の推進 創発的研究支援事業 

      温 文

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      2022年 - 2028年

      担当区分:研究代表者 

      本研究提案身体意識を中心とした認知神経科学の研究にシステム工学の手法を取り入れ、神経科学と臨床医学の両方から得られた実験データに基づき、身体意識の数理モデルを確立し、人間の行動や意識体験をモデルベーストで理解し、介入する手法を提案することを目的とします。本研究は身体意識及び広義での意識を理解し、多分野の知見とデータを統合的に理解し、これまでにない文理統合の手法でアプローチしていきます。

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    • 活力ある社会を創る適応自在AIロボット群

      科学技術振興機構  戦略的な研究開発の推進 ムーンショット型研究開発事業 

      平田 泰久

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      2020年 - 2025年

      様々な場所に設置され、いつでも、だれでも利用でき、個々のユーザに合わせて形状や機能が変化し適切なサービスを提供する適応自在AIロボット群を開発します。2050 年までに、人とロボットとの共生により、すべての人が参画できる活力ある社会の創成を目指します。

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    • 主体感の探索と利用:その行動メカニズム、神経基盤、および数理モデル

      日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業 基盤研究(B) 

      温 文, 今水 寛, 前田 貴記

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      2021年4月 - 2024年3月

      課題番号:21H03780

      配分額:17680000円 ( 直接経費:13600000円 、 間接経費:4080000円 )

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    • 認知・情動に着目した超適応現象のシステム論的理解と実現

      日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業 新学術領域研究(研究領域提案型) 

      淺間 一, 井澤 淳, 温 文, 安 ち

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      2019年6月 - 2024年3月

      課題番号:19H05729

      配分額:150670000円 ( 直接経費:115900000円 、 間接経費:34770000円 )

      本研究項目では身体認知・情動が超適応の獲得の過程に与える影響を解明し、身体制御の変化を定量的予測可能な数理モデルを構築し、検証することを目的とする。さらに、数理モデルを基づいて、身体認知・情動を介して、超適応機能を促すモデルベースの介入手法の提案と検証を行う。本年度の主な成果として、1)身体意識の生起と喪失に異なるメカニズムを発見した、2)脳卒中や脳梗塞の後に運動機能が低下した片麻痺患者の回復過程における適応プロセスを調査した、3)身体意識が運動学習に与える影響を検討した。
      本年度の具体的成果を以下に3つ挙げ、それぞれ概要を説明する。
      研究代表者らのグループ(淺間,温)は、運動主体感の生起メカニズムについて、フィードバックと行動の統計的規則性の検出が重要な役割を果たすことを発見し、運動主体感の生起メカニズムを説明するモデルを提案した。また、運動主体感の生起と喪失に異なる脳内神経基盤が存在するという仮説の検証を行った。
      研究分担者の安琪(東京大学)らのグループでは、脳卒中や脳梗塞の後に運動機能が低下した片麻痺患者の回復過程における適応プロセスを調査した。その中でも日常生活において重要な起立動作に着目し、運動障害の程度が異なる患者間において筋シナジーがどのように異なるのか調べた。このことから片麻痺患者の起立動作において、筋シナジーの活動タイミングを指標として、運動回復の過程および適応プロセスを推定できるということが示唆された。
      研究分担者の井澤(筑波大学)らのグループは、超適応の理論的背景を調べる目的で、脳が運動学習スピードを適応的に変化させる機構において、学習の効果に対する認識が与える影響を調べた。得られた研究成果は、効率的なリハビリテーションプログラムの立案のためには科学的根拠の提供に繋がると考えられる。

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    • プロトタイプ理論に基づく強化学習ロボットの知識選択における認知的経済性の向上

      日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業 基盤研究(C) 

      鈴木 剛, 藤井 浩光, 温 文, 河野 仁

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      2019年4月 - 2022年3月

      課題番号:19K12173

      配分額:4420000円 ( 直接経費:3400000円 、 間接経費:1020000円 )

      本研究の最終目標は、「直感」や「勘」のような人間が無意識的に行う認知メカニズムをシステム化し、ロボットに実装することである。その要素技術として、環境に対して強化学習するロボットが適応的に振る舞うために、獲得済み知識を選択して再利用する際に、保存されている全知識を検索するのではなく、予め再利用する「知識群」の候補を選択する手法を確立する。そのために本研究課題では、1)プロトタイプ理論に基づき,知識群をカテゴリに分割する方法論の構築(認知心理学の知見の応用)、2)センサ入力情報等から特徴量とプロトタイプを抽出し、カテゴリを機械学習する手法の開発(工学と認知心理学の融合)、3)活性化拡散モデルに基づきカテゴリから知識群を選択し、複数方策を結合して再利用する手法と強化学習手法の統合(工学的システム開発)、を行う。具体的には、我々が提案する活性化拡散モデルに基づく方策ネットワーク内の方策群を、視覚入力等の環境観測情報から特徴量に基づきカテゴリとして分類し、仮想的なノードとしてカテゴリ内方策の傾向を表すプロトタイプを方策ネットワークに接続する。方策選択では、観測された環境特徴量からプロトタイプを選択し、接続された方策を一斉に活性化することで、方策選択における計算量を削減し、認知的経済性の実現を目指す。
      本研究課題では、提案手法の評価を計算機シミュレーションと実機ロボットにより行う。タスクとして、複数の形状での最短経路問題(静的タスク)、マルチエージェントによる協調搬送作業(動的タスク)で検証する。2019年度は,検証用の小型実機ロボットとして、搬送作業用のフォークリフトによるハンドリング機構を持つ移動ロボットの設計を行った。また,プロトタイプ理論に基づく知識のカテゴリ化について、認知心理学の観点からモデル化の方針について議論した。活性化拡散モデルに基づく方策選択手法の改良を行った。

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    • 身体運動に起因する自己移動感・運動主体感と空間的注意分布

      日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業 挑戦的研究(萌芽) 

      佐藤 隆夫, 永井 聖剛, 金谷 英俊, 河原 純一郎, 温 文, 鳴海 拓志, 北崎 充晃

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      2019年6月 - 2021年3月

      課題番号:19K21823

      配分額:6370000円 ( 直接経費:4900000円 、 間接経費:1470000円 )

      運動主体感とは,自分の意識で自分の行動を制御し,外部の事象の変化を引き起こしたという主観的な感覚を指す.この概念は,感覚,知覚と行動との関係を論じる上で,またロボット等を人間が制御する際にキーとなる概念である.しかし,現在まで,手の動きと,視覚 的な対象の関係が主要な関心であり,制御者の身体のグローバルな移動に対する運動主体感という問題は扱われていない.本研究は,操作者自 身の体の全体的な移動に注目し,操作者の視覚的な注意の空間分布と関係づけようとする.身体全体の運動の運動主体感に着目する点,また,それを空間的な注意分布として評価する点に新規性がある.
      上記の展望に基づき,本研究の具体的な目標は以下の2点に集約される.
      1自己移動を伴う身体運動時の知覚・認知特性の一例として,自転車走行時の視覚特性,とりわ け低次・高次の有効視野その他の,知覚・認知特性への効果の検討を行う.
      2その時,運動と視覚入力の整合性(生態学的な妥当性),運動主 体感を操作し,そうした要因の効果の検討を行う.
      自転車走行時の研究はいくつか存在するが,本研究が目的とする自転車走行時の視覚特性,特に注意の空間分布の問題を扱った研究は見当たらない.本研究では自転車をローラー台装置に装着し,低速から高速までの自己移動をシミュレートし,身体が比較的安定した状態で,視知覚・認知特性を検討する.同時に,運動主体感の操作も行い,運動主体感の強さの注意分布への効果をも検討する.本年は,視覚的な運動感を誘発する刺激(背景刺激)として,放射状に拡張・収斂するランダムドットパターンを用い,自転車走行時の視覚の基本特性,低次・高次の有効視野との関係 静止時,および様々な速度での走行条件を組み合わせ,視力,低次・高次の有効視野を計測・比較する実験を実施し,視力,低次・高次の有効視野に関する基本データを取得した.

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    • 運動主体感に対するメタ認知及びその神経基盤

      日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業 若手研究 

      温 文

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      2019年4月 - 2021年3月

      課題番号:19K20642

      配分額:4160000円 ( 直接経費:3200000円 、 間接経費:960000円 )

      本研究は運動主体感に対するメタ認知、すなわち、「自分が制御している」という主観的な感覚に対してどのぐらい確信を持つのかという認識を研究テーマとしている。運動主体感のメタ認知の行動レベルの特徴を解明し、さらにその神経基盤を解明することを目的とする。2019年度は以下の研究を行ってきた。
      (1)運動検出課題を用いて、運動主体感の判断と運動主体感のメタ認知に用いる下位プロセスの違いを実験で検討した。具体的に、3つのドットから自分が制御できるドットを検出する運動検出課題を用いた。自分が制御できるドットにおいて、一定な角度誤差を入れる条件と他人の運動を混ぜる条件を組み合わせ、ドットの運動と自分の運動の間の規則性と予測誤差をシステム的に操作した。そこで、他人の運動の割合を試行ごとにstaircase法で調整し、運動検出課題の正答率を一定なレベルに固定したうえ、回答の自信を問うことでメタ認知のパフォーマンスを測り、規則性検出と予測誤差がメタ認知に与える影響を調べた。この研究はpreregistered reportとして投稿中であると同時に、すでに20人分の被験者実験を行った。
      (2)運動制御の増加と減少を検出する認知プロセス及び神経基盤の検討を行った。まず行動実験において、ドットに対する制御が20%増加または減少の条件を設け、検出感度を検討し、初期の制御レベルの影響を検討した。行動実験の成果をまとめた論文は現在投稿中である。次に、制御レベルが増加または減少することを検出する脳内神経基盤をfMRI実験を用いて検討する予定であり、現在予備実験が終了し、次に本実験に移る段階である。

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    • 脳内身体表現のスローダイナミクスモデル

      日本学術振興会  科学研究費助成事業 新学術領域研究(研究領域提案型) 

      淺間 一, 田中 宏和, 井澤 淳, 近藤 敏之, 矢野 史朗, 山下 淳, 矢野 雅文, 安 琪, 温 文

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      2014年7月 - 2019年3月

      課題番号:26120005

      配分額:128310000円 ( 直接経費:98700000円 、 間接経費:29610000円 )

      運動主体感や身体保持感などの身体意識は,脳内身体表現に基づき実時間で創出される(Fast dynamics).一方,脳内身体表現は知覚運動経験を通してゆっくりと生成・更新され,変容する(Slow dynamics).研究項目B01では,この身体意識に関する脳内身体表現の生成・更新のダイナミクスのモデル化を行った.具体的に、身体意識の創出と脳内身体表現の変容の数理モデル化,認知身体マッピング器モデルの検証,およびモデルベーストリハビリテーションへの応用の検討を行った.

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    • 脳波信号を用いた身体意識の生起における時間特性の解明

      日本学術振興会  特別研究員奨励費 

      温 文

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      2017年4月 - 2018年7月

      課題番号:17J40078

      担当区分:研究代表者  資金種別:競争的資金

      特別研究員(RPD)温文氏は初年度及び翌年度の最初の4か月間にイギリスのInstitute of Cognitive Neuroscience (ICN), University College Londonに渡航し,Prof. Patrick Haggardのグループと共同研究を行った.運動主体感の生起または喪失によって,注意及び知覚感覚処理の変化について,行動実験および脳波実験を用いて調べた.ICNの研究グループではこの分野の専門家が多数所属し,行動実験及び脳波実験のための被験者データベース,脳波計測装置,実験室が整えているため,当初計画した研究を順調に進めることができた.
      温氏は初年度において運動主体感の生起によって注意の変化及び脳波における特徴的な変化を調べ,運動主体感の生起の時間特性を解明するため重要な成果を得た.これらの成果はJournal of Cognitive Neuroscience及びNeuroImage誌に論文として掲載された.翌年度において,再度イギリスに滞在し,運動主体感の生起と運動制御のモデルを構築し,行動実験を用いて検証を行った.その成果は現在学術論文の投稿準備中である.その後,常勤の研究職に就いたため,特別研究員の採用を年度中に辞退したが,採用期間中に十分な成果を挙げていると言えると考えられる.

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    • 認知心理学におけるプライミング効果を基にした強化学習ロボットによる知識選択

      日本学術振興会  科研費挑戦的萌芽研究 

      鈴木 剛

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      2016年4月 - 2018年3月

      課題番号:16K12493

      資金種別:競争的資金

      本研究では,転移学習において複数方策から有用な知識を選択するために,人間の記憶や知識の思い出しや再認識を行うメカニズムである活性化拡散モデルを用いた転移学習手法を提案した.本手法は,1)複数方策をカテゴリに分類してネットワークを構築,2)カテゴリから方策を想起,3)方策を選択,4)活性値の拡散(活性化拡散),5)活性値の減衰,という処理をロボットエージェントの行動毎に反復実行し,方策の活性値を調整しながら,転移する方策を選択する.計算機シミュレーションにより,方策を用いない強化学習,単一方策のみを用いた転移学習,提案手法を用いた転移学習の学習効率を比較し,提案手法の有用性を確認した.

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    • 運動主体感の高次認知処理及び神経基盤の変容の解明

      上原記念生命科学財団  海外留学助成金リサーチフェローシップ 

      温 文

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      2016年9月 - 2017年8月

      担当区分:研究代表者  資金種別:競争的資金

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    • 注意が連続操作における運動主体感に与える影響の解明

      日本学術振興会  科研費若手研究(B) 

      温 文

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      2015年4月 - 2017年3月

      課題番号:15K16007

      担当区分:研究代表者  資金種別:競争的資金

      本研究では注意が運動主体感の生起に与える影響について,行動レベルおよび神経基盤レベルでの検討を行った.平成27年度では,注意の処理資源,覚醒度,および処理レベルが運動主体感に与える影響を調べた.その結果,注意の処理資源の減少または覚醒度の低下が運動主体感の生起を妨害し,さらに,注意の処理レベルが運動主体感の生起の下位プロセスの優位性に大きく影響することが分かった.平成28年度では,注意が運動主体感に与える影響の神経基盤について脳波を用いて調べた.運動が行う前,または感覚フィードバックを受けた後,運動主体感をモニタリングする注意に関連する脳活動を明らかにした.

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    • 運動主体感の高次認知処理の役割及びその神経基盤の解明

      丸文財団  交流研究助成 

      温 文

      詳細を見る

      2016年9月

      担当区分:研究代表者  資金種別:競争的資金

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    • 笹川科学研究助成

      公益財団法人日本科学協会 

      温 文

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      2015年4月 - 2016年1月

      担当区分:研究代表者  資金種別:競争的資金

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    • 布施学術基金

      東京大学文学部 

      温 文

      詳細を見る

      2008年8月

      担当区分:研究代表者  資金種別:競争的資金

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